Parasha: Ki Tavo · Aliyah: Second (Gevurah)

Deuteronomy 26:12–26:15
כ"ו:י"ב כִּ֣י תְכַלֶּ֞ה לַ֠עְשֵׂר אֶת־כָּל־מַעְשַׂ֧ר תְּבוּאָתְךָ֛ בַּשָּׁנָ֥ה הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֖ת שְׁנַ֣ת הַֽמַּעֲשֵׂ֑ר וְנָתַתָּ֣ה לַלֵּוִ֗י לַגֵּר֙ לַיָּת֣וֹם וְלָֽאַלְמָנָ֔ה וְאָכְל֥וּ בִשְׁעָרֶ֖יךָ וְשָׂבֵֽעוּ׃
26:12 When you have set aside in full the tenth part of your yield—in the third year, the year of the tithebSee Deut. 14.28–29.—and have given it to the Levite, the stranger, the fatherless, and the widow, that they may eat their fill in your settlements,
26:12 When thou hast made an end of tithing all the tithe of thine increase in the third year, which is the year of tithing, and hast given it unto the Levite, to the stranger, to the fatherless, and to the widow, that they may eat within thy gates, and be satisfied,
כ"ו:י"ב אֲרֵי תְשֵׁצֵי לְעַשָּׂרָא יָת כָּל מַעֲשַׂר עֲלַלְתָּךְ בְּשַׁתָּא תְלִיתָאָה שְׁנַת מַעְשְׂרָא וְתִתֵּן לְלֵוָאֵי לְגִיּוֹרָא לְיִתַּמָּא וּלְאַרְמְלָא וְיֵכְלוּן בְּקִרְוָיךְ וְיִשְׂבְּעוּן:
כ"ו:י"ג וְאָמַרְתָּ֡ לִפְנֵי֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ בִּעַ֧רְתִּי הַקֹּ֣דֶשׁ מִן־הַבַּ֗יִת וְגַ֨ם נְתַתִּ֤יו לַלֵּוִי֙ וְלַגֵּר֙ לַיָּת֣וֹם וְלָאַלְמָנָ֔ה כְּכָל־מִצְוָתְךָ֖ אֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוִּיתָ֑נִי לֹֽא־עָבַ֥רְתִּי מִמִּצְוֺתֶ֖יךָ וְלֹ֥א שָׁכָֽחְתִּי׃
26:13 you shall declare before the LORD your God: “I have cleared out the consecrated portion from the house; and I have given it to the Levite, the stranger, the fatherless, and the widow, just as You commanded me; I have neither transgressed nor neglected any of Your commandments:
26:13 then thou shalt say before the LORD thy God: ‘I have put away the hallowed things out of my house, and also have given them unto the Levite, and unto the stranger, to the fatherless, and to the widow, according to all Thy commandment which Thou hast commanded me; I have not transgressed any of Thy commandments, neither have I forgotten them.
כ"ו:י"ג וְתֵימַר קֳדָם יְיָ אֱלָהָךְ פַּלֵּתִי קֹדֶשׁ מַעְשְׂרָא מִן בֵּיתָא וְאַף יְהָבִתֵּיהּ לְלֵוָאֵי וּלְגִיּוֹרָא לְיִתַּמָּא וּלְאַרְמְלָא כְּכָל פִּקּוּדָךְ דִּי פַקִּדְתַּנִי לָא עֲבָרִית מִפִּקּוּדָיךְ וְלָא אִתִּנְשֵׁיתִי:
כ"ו:י"ד לֹא־אָכַ֨לְתִּי בְאֹנִ֜י מִמֶּ֗נּוּ וְלֹא־בִעַ֤רְתִּי מִמֶּ֙נּוּ֙ בְּטָמֵ֔א וְלֹא־נָתַ֥תִּי מִמֶּ֖נּוּ לְמֵ֑ת שָׁמַ֗עְתִּי בְּקוֹל֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהָ֔י עָשִׂ֕יתִי כְּכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוִּיתָֽנִי׃
26:14 cMeaning of first part of verse uncertain. I have not eaten of it while in mourning, I have not cleared out any of it while I was unclean, and I have not deposited any of it with the dead.dNo part of the tithe may be left as food for the dead. I have obeyed the LORD my God; I have done just as You commanded me.
26:14 I have not eaten thereof in my mourning, neither have I put away thereof, being unclean, nor given thereof for the dead; I have hearkened to the voice of the LORD my God, I have done according to all that Thou hast commanded me.
כ"ו:י"ד לָא אֲכָלִית בְּאֶבְלִי מִנֵּיהּ וְלָא פַלֵּתִי מִנֵּיהּ בְּדִמְסָאָב וְלָא יְהָבִית מִנֵּיהּ לְמִית קַבֵּלִית לְמֵימְרָא דַּיְיָ אֱלָהָי עֲבָדִית כְּכֹל דִּי פַקִּדְתַּנִי:
כ"ו:ט"ו הַשְׁקִיפָה֩ מִמְּע֨וֹן קָדְשְׁךָ֜ מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֗יִם וּבָרֵ֤ךְ אֶֽת־עַמְּךָ֙ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאֵת֙ הָאֲדָמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָתַ֖תָּה לָ֑נוּ כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר נִשְׁבַּ֙עְתָּ֙ לַאֲבֹתֵ֔ינוּ אֶ֛רֶץ זָבַ֥ת חָלָ֖ב וּדְבָֽשׁ׃ (ס)
26:15 Look down from Your holy abode, from heaven, and bless Your people Israel and the soil You have given us, a land flowing with milk and honey, as You swore to our fathers.”
26:15 Look forth from Thy holy habitation, from heaven, and bless Thy people Israel, and the land which Thou hast given us, as Thou didst swear unto our fathers, a land flowing with milk and honey.’
כ"ו:ט"ו אִסְתְּכִי מִמְּדוֹר קָדְשָׁךְ מִן שְׁמַיָּא וּבָרֵךְ יָת עַמָּךְ יָת יִשְׂרָאֵל וְיָת אַרְעָא דִּי יְהַבְתְּ לָנָא כְּמָא דִי קַיֶּמְתָּא לַאֲבָהָתָנָא אֲרַע עָבְדָא חֲלַב וּדְבָשׁ:
כ"ו:ט"ו אור החיים
1הַשְׁקִיפָה מִמְּעוֹן וְגוֹ׳. צָרִיךְ לָדַעַת לָמָּה כָּפַל לוֹמַר מִמְּעוֹן וְגוֹ׳ מִן הַשָּׁמַיִם, וְאִם לְכַנּוֹת שֵׁם מְקוֹמוֹ יִתְבָּרַךְ בִּלְשׁוֹן קְדֻשָּׁה הָיָה לוֹ לוֹמַר עַל זֶה הַדֶּרֶךְ: ״הַשְׁקִיפָה מִמְּעוֹן וְגוֹ׳ הַשָּׁמַיִם״.
השקיפה ממעון קדשך, "Look down from Your holy abode, etc." Why did Moses repeat his reference to heaven by calling it both "holy abode" as well as "heaven?" If all Moses had wanted was to tell us that G'd's abode is a holy place he should simply have written: השקיפה ממעון קדשך השמים, without the additional word מן.
2וְנִרְאֶה שֶׁהַכָּתוּב יָעִיר סוֹד אֶחָד, וְהוּא כִּי הָאָדוֹן בָּרוּךְ הוּא הֵכִין שְׁתֵּי הַשְׁפָּעוֹת לְמַעְלָה: א׳ הַשְׁפָּעַת הָרוּחָנִיּוּת שֶׁהֵם הַנְּפָשׁוֹת הַטְּהוֹרוֹת, וְאֶחָד הַשְׁפָּעַת הַטּוֹב לְחַיּוֹת הַנִּבְרָאִים שֶׁהוּא מָזוֹן לַכֹּל. וּשְׁנַיִם אֵלּוּ יִקְרְאוּ לָהֶם רַבּוֹתֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (זוהר הקדוש) זִוּוּג, שֶׁכָּל שֶׁיֵּשׁ בִּבְחִינַת מַשְׁפִּיעַ וּבְחִינַת נִשְׁפָּע יִתָּכְנוּ בְּשֵׁם זִוּוּג. וְאָמְרוּ הַמְּקֻבָּלִים שֶׁמִּיּוֹם שֶׁנֶּחֱרַב הַבַּיִת נִפְסַק הַשְׁפָּעַת הַנְּשָׁמוֹת וְלֹא נִשְׁאַר אֶלָּא הַשְׁפָּעַת חַיּוּת הָעוֹלָמוֹת, שֶׁהוּא מֻכְרָח לְקִיּוּם הָעוֹלָמוֹת. וְהוּא אָמְרוֹ הַשְׁקִיפָה מִמְּעוֹן קָדְשְׁךָ כְּנֶגֶד הַשְׁפָּעַת הַנְּשָׁמוֹת, וְהַשְׁקָפָה זוֹ הִיא עֶלְיוֹנָה בְּמָקוֹם גָּבוֹהַּ הַנִּקְרָא קֹדֶשׁ. וּכְבָר גִּלּוּ הַמְּקֻבָּלִים (זוהר חלק ב׳ קכ״א.) מַה בֵּין הַדְרָגַת קֹדֶשׁ לְהַדְרָגַת קָדוֹשׁ כִּי קָדוֹשׁ לְמַעְלָה, וְהַמַּשְׂכִּיל יָבִין. וּכְנֶגֶד הַשְׁפָּעַת חַיּוּת הָעוֹלָמוֹת אָמַר ״מִן הַשָּׁמַיִם״, זֶה זִוּוּג לְמַטָּה מֵהָרִאשׁוֹן. וְאָמַר כְּנֶגֶד מַאֲמַר ״הַשְׁקִיפָה״ – ״וּבָרֵךְ אֶת עַמְּךָ״, וּפֵרְשׁוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (מעשר שני פרק ה׳ משנה י״ג) בְּבָנִים וּבָנוֹת. וְזֶה יַצְדִּיק פֵּרוּשֵׁנוּ שֶׁעַל זִוּוּג הַנְּשָׁמוֹת הוּא אוֹמֵר. וּכְנֶגֶד מַאֲמַר ״מִן הַשָּׁמַיִם״ אָמַר ״וְאֵת הָאֲדָמָה״ שֶׁהִיא בִּרְכַּת הַמָּזוֹן, וְנָכוֹן.
I believe the Torah wants to make us privy to a secret, i.e. that G'd has prepared two distinct sources in the celestial spheres from which to exert His benevolent influence on mankind. One source is the reservoir of spiritual input into man, i.e. the source from which the holy souls are despatched to inhabit our bodies. The other reservoir is that which provides us with physical goodness, i.e. the sustenance enabling His creatures to stay alive by means of food, etc. In the language of the Zohar, the combination of these two are called זווג, coupling, pairing (as in marriage). This term is applicable whenever one of the two of the pair in question is active, i.e. provides the input, and the other is the recipient of that input. According to our Kabbalists the input of holy souls which used to originate from the celestial spheres has been interrupted ever since the day the Temple was destroyed, so that nowadays we receive input only from the source which provides the material goodness G'd has to offer. Moses, i.e. the Jewish farmer in our chapter, prays that G'd should provide the spiritual input, i.e. ממעון קדשך, "from Your holy abode." This input originates in the highest celestial region, hence the Torah describes that abode as קדש, holy. Kabbalists have already revealed (Zohar volume two page 121) the difference between a level called kadosh, and the level in the celestial spheres called kodesh. The latter level is higher than the former as every intelligent student will appreciate. The words מן השמים "from the heavens," refer to the lower of the above-mentioned levels within the celestial spheres. The pairing, זווג which results when the input originates only in the spheres called kadosh is inferior to that which results when the input from heaven includes input from the part known as kodesh. Concerning the first request, that G'd should provide input from the highest regions, the farmer asks that "Your people will be blessed," i.e. with sons and daughters whose souls originate in מעון קדשך. Concerning the heavenly input into our world of material blessings i.e. food, the blessings originating in the sphere called השמים, the farmer asks the blessing for the אדמה, the earth on which the Israelite dwells (compare Maaser Sheyni 5,13).

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