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Parasha: Vayera · Aliyah: Seventh (Malchut)

Genesis 22:1–22:24
כ"ב:א׳ וַיְהִ֗י אַחַר֙ הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה וְהָ֣אֱלֹהִ֔ים נִסָּ֖ה אֶת־אַבְרָהָ֑ם וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֔יו אַבְרָהָ֖ם וַיֹּ֥אמֶר הִנֵּֽנִי׃
22:1 Some time afterward, God put Abraham to the test. He said to him, “Abraham,” and he answered, “Here I am.”
22:1 And it came to pass after these things, that God did prove Abraham, and said unto him: ‘Abraham’; and he said: ‘Here am I.’
כ"ב:א׳ וַהֲוָה בָּתַר פִּתְגָּמַיָּא הָאִלֵּין וַייָ נַסִּי יָת אַבְרָהָם וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ אַבְרָהָם וַאֲמַר הָא אֲנָא:
כ"ב:א׳ אור החיים
1וַיְהִי אַחַר הַדְּבָרִים וְגוֹ׳. פֵּרוּשׁ הַדְּבָרִים הָאֲמוּרִים לְמַעְלָה מֵהָעִנְיָן, שֶׁכַּמָּה הַרְפַּתְקֵי שֶׁעָבְרוּ עָלָיו עַד שֶׁנִּפְקַד בְּבֵן לְעֵת זִקְנָתוֹ, וְגַם הִבְטִיחוֹ ה׳ ״כִּי בְיִצְחָק יִקָּרֵא לְךָ זָרַע״, וְאַחַר שֶׁהָיָה יִצְחָק גָּדוֹל כְּאָמְרוֹ ״וַיָּגָר אַבְרָהָם בְּאֶרֶץ פְּלִשְׁתִּים יָמִים רַבִּים״, וּבְשָׁנָה רִאשׁוֹנָה שֶׁיָּרַד לִפְלִשְׁתִּים נוֹלַד יִצְחָק, הָא לָמַדְתָּ כִּי גָּדוֹל הָיָה. וּבְאֶמְצָעוּת הַקּוֹדֵם יִהְיֶה גֹּדֶל הַנִּסָּיוֹן מֻפְלָא, בֵּין בִּבְחִינַת אַבְרָהָם שֶׁאַחַר כַּמָּה הַרְפַּתְקֵי קָדְמוּ לוֹ עַד שֶׁנִּפְקַד, וְאַחַר כַּמָּה הַבְטָחוֹת מֵה׳ כִּי בְּיִצְחָק יִקָּרֵא זַרְעוֹ, הוּא אוֹמֵר לוֹ שֶׁיַּקְרִיבֵהוּ וְלֹא הִרְהֵר בְּלִבּוֹ, בֵּין בִּבְחִינַת יִצְחָק שֶׁהֲגַם שֶׁהָיָה גָּדוֹל כַּנִּשְׁמָע מִפָּסוּק הַסָּמוּךְ ״וַיָּגָר״ וְגוֹ׳ הָא לָמַדְתָּ שֶׁגָּדוֹל הָיָה וְלֹא עִכֵּב. גַּם נִתְכַּוֵּן לוֹמַר אַחַר הַדְּבָרִים שֶׁבָּזֶה יֻצְדַּק לוֹמַר לוֹ ״אֶת בִּנְךָ אֶת יְחִידְךָ״ וְלֹא קֹדֶם הַדְּבָרִים הַנֶּאֱמָרִים בְּסָמוּךְ, שֶׁהֲרֵי הָיָה לוֹ יִשְׁמָעֵאל וְאֵינוֹ יְחִידוֹ.
ויהי אחר הדברים האלה. It was after these events. The events referred to are Abraham's various adventures, the tortuous route to becoming Isaac's father at an advanced age. In the meantime Isaac had grown up since we find Abraham described as "living in the land of the Philistines for many years," and Isaac was born during the first year of Abraham's stay there. The test assumed much greater impact in view of the repeated promises G'd had made to Abraham concerning Isaac and his future. To be told at this stage to offer Isaac as a sacrifice and not to hesitate or challenge G'd's command or even ask for an explanation, was a tremendous act of obedience. Isaac too deserves great credit for submitting. Another reason that the Torah wrote "after these events" is, that only now could G'd refer to Isaac as Abraham's only son. As long as Ishmael had not yet been expelled by Abraham the description "your only son" would not have been appropriate.
2וְהָאֱלֹהִים נִסָּה וְגוֹ׳. אָמַר ״וְהָאֱלֹהִים״ בְּתוֹסֶפֶת וָא״ו וְתוֹסֶפֶת הֵ״א, לוֹמַר מִלְּבַד נִסְיוֹנוֹת שֶׁקָּדְמוּהוּ, הוֹסִיף לְנַסּוֹתוֹ בִּגְבוּרַת הַדִּין נִסָּיוֹן עָצוּם.
והאלוקים נסה את אברהם. G'd tested Abraham. The Torah adds the conjunctive letter ו before the word אלוקים to remind us that this was not Abraham's only test, only the most recent and most difficult one.
3וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלָיו אַבְרָהָם. טַעַם הַקְּרִיאָה, לְהוֹדִיעוֹ קוֹדֶם כִּי בָּא הָאֱלֹהִים לִשְׁאוֹל מִמֶּנּוּ דָּבָר גָּדוֹל, וְהֵבִין אַבְרָהָם וְאָמַר אֵלָיו הִנֵּנִי, פֵּירוּשׁ הֲרֵינִי מוּכָן לְכָל אֲשֶׁר תֹּאמַר אֵלַי:
ויאמר אליו אברהם. He said to him: "Abraham." This introductory call by G'd was to prepare Abraham that G'd would ask him to do something difficult. Abraham understood this; this is why he said "I am ready (for whatever You are going to tell me to do)."
כ"ב:ב׳ וַיֹּ֡אמֶר קַח־נָ֠א אֶת־בִּנְךָ֨ אֶת־יְחִֽידְךָ֤ אֲשֶׁר־אָהַ֙בְתָּ֙ אֶת־יִצְחָ֔ק וְלֶךְ־לְךָ֔ אֶל־אֶ֖רֶץ הַמֹּרִיָּ֑ה וְהַעֲלֵ֤הוּ שָׁם֙ לְעֹלָ֔ה עַ֚ל אַחַ֣ד הֶֽהָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֹמַ֥ר אֵלֶֽיךָ׃
22:2 And He said, “Take your son, your favored one, Isaac, whom you love, and go to the land of Moriah, and offer him there as a burnt offering on one of the heights that I will point out to you.”
22:2 And He said: ‘Take now thy son, thine only son, whom thou lovest, even Isaac, and get thee into the land of Moriah; and offer him there for a burnt-offering upon one of the mountains which I will tell thee of.’
כ"ב:ב׳ וַאֲמַר דְּבַר כְּעַן יָת בְּרָךְ יָת יְחִידָךְ דִּי רְחַמְתָּ יָת יִצְחָק וְאִיזֵל לָךְ לְאַרְעָא פּוּלְחָנָא וְאַסְקֵיהּ קֳדָמַי תַּמָּן לַעֲלָתָא עַל חַד מִן טוּרַיָּא דִּי אֵימָר לָךְ:
כ"ב:ב׳ אור החיים
1קַח נָא. פֵּירוּשׁ תֵּכֶף וּמִיָּד בְּלֹא שְׁאֵלַת זְמַן, וְאַף זֶה מֵהַנִּסָּיוֹן שֶׁלֹּא יִשְׁאַל מִמֶּנּוּ זְמַן, כְּמַעֲשֵׂה בַּת יִפְתָּח (שופטים י״א:ל״ז) שֶׁרָצָה אָבִיהָ לְהַעֲלוֹתָהּ עוֹלָה וְשָׁאֲלָה מִמֶּנּוּ שְׁנַיִם חֳדָשִׁים וְגוֹ׳.
קח נא את בנך. "Please take your son, etc." G'd meant for Abraham to proceed immediately and not to ask for time before carrying out the command, such as happened with the daughter of Yiftach (Judges 11,37) who had asked to be given two months before becoming her father's sacrifice to G'd.
2עוֹד רָמַז לוֹ שֶׁיִּקַּח אֶת שָׂרָה בִּדְבָרִים לְהִתְרַצּוֹת אֵלָיו לְהוֹלִיכוֹ עִמּוֹ, וְכֵן אָמְרוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (תַּנְחוּמָא כב) כִּי כָל אוֹתוֹ הַלַּיְלָה הָיָה אַבְרָהָם מְפַיֵּס לְשָׂרָה לְהַסְכִּים עִמּוֹ שֶׁיּוֹלִיכֶנּוּ לִלְמֹד תּוֹרָה עַד אוֹר הַבֹּקֶר:
Tanchuma 22 on our verse describes Abraham as spending the whole night asking Sarah to permit him to take Isaac with him to teach him Torah.
3עוֹד יִרְמֹז עַל יִצְחָק שֶׁיִּקָּחֵהוּ בְּדִבְרֵי רִצּוּי, שֶׁהֲרֵי לֹא נִתְנַסָּה כָּל יָמָיו, וְצִוָּה ה׳ שֶׁיִּקָּחֵהוּ בְּדִבְרֵי טַעַם וּלְהַכְנִיס בְּלִבּוֹ מַעֲלַת הַדָּבָר אִם יִקְרַב עוֹלָה לַה׳.
Our verse also contains a hint that seeing that Isaac had not previously been tested, Abraham should broach the matter to him in a manner that would secure Isaac's willingness. Abraham should convince Isaac that by agreeing to serve as an offering to G'd he would achieve great moral stature.
4אֶת בִּנְךָ וְגוֹ׳. כָּאן רָמַז לְשָׁלֹשׁ אַהֲבוֹת שֶׁחִיְּבָה תּוֹרָה לְכָל אִישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל לֶאֱהוֹב הַבּוֹרֵא בָּרוּךְ הוּא בְּכָל לֵב וּבְכָל נֶפֶשׁ וּבְכָל מְאוֹד (דברים ו:ה). בְּכָל לֵב – אֵין לְךָ דָּבָר שֶׁחָבִיב בְּלֵב אָדָם כְּאַהֲבַת הַבָּנִים, וְהוּא אָמְרוֹ אֶת בִּנְךָ. וּכְנֶגֶד ״בְּכָל נַפְשְׁךָ״ אָמַר אֶת יְחִידְךָ, וְכֵיוָן שֶׁאֵין לוֹ אֶלָּא הוּא, הוּא הַנֶּפֶשׁ, כִּי מִי שֶׁאֵין לוֹ בָּנִים חָשׁוּב כְּמֵת. וּכְנֶגֶד ״וּבְכָל מְאֹדֶךָ״ אָמַר אֲשֶׁר אָהַבְתָּ, פֵּרוּשׁ: אוֹתוֹ אָהַבְתָּ יוֹתֵר מִכָּל קִנְיָנֶיךָ וְכָל קִנְיָנָיו כְּנֶגְדּוֹ אַיִן, וְאַף עַל פִּי כֵן הַעֲלֵהוּ לִי וְגוֹ׳. וְנִתְכַּוֵּן ה׳ לְפָרֵט כָּל זֶה לְהוֹדִיעוֹ שֶׁהֲגַם שֶׁיֶּשְׁנוֹ אֶצְלוֹ בְּכָל הַהַדְרָגוֹת, אַף עַל פִּי כֵן חָפֵץ ה׳ שֶׁיַּקְרִיבֵהוּ לוֹ לְעוֹלָה.
את בנך את יחידך, "your son, your only one, the one you love, Isaac." Here the Torah alludes to three levels of love that G'd demands of each Jew, i.e. to love G'd with all his heart, all his soul, and all his financial resources (Deut. 6,5). The word בנך alludes to the heart; nothing is closer to a man's heart than the love for his children. Concerning love with one's soul, the Torah mentions יחידך; when a person has no children he is alone and considered as dead. Love with one's soul is therefore love with the only thing one has left to love with. The words אשר אהבת refer to one's possessions; G'd meant that Abraham loved Isaac more than all his other possessions. G'd's test consisted of Abraham demonstrating that though he loved Isaac from all these perspectives he was yet willing to give him up to G'd in the form of a total offering.
כ"ב:ג׳ וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם אַבְרָהָ֜ם בַּבֹּ֗קֶר וַֽיַּחֲבֹשׁ֙ אֶת־חֲמֹר֔וֹ וַיִּקַּ֞ח אֶת־שְׁנֵ֤י נְעָרָיו֙ אִתּ֔וֹ וְאֵ֖ת יִצְחָ֣ק בְּנ֑וֹ וַיְבַקַּע֙ עֲצֵ֣י עֹלָ֔ה וַיָּ֣קָם וַיֵּ֔לֶךְ אֶל־הַמָּק֖וֹם אֲשֶׁר־אָֽמַר־ל֥וֹ הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃
22:3 So early next morning, Abraham saddled his ass and took with him two of his servants and his son Isaac. He split the wood for the burnt offering, and he set out for the place of which God had told him.
22:3 And Abraham rose early in the morning, and saddled his ass, and took two of his young men with him, and Isaac his son; and he cleaved the wood for the burnt-offering, and rose up, and went unto the place of which God had told him.
כ"ב:ג׳ וְאַקְדֵּים אַבְרָהָם בְּצַפְרָא וְזָרֵז יָת חֲמָרֵיהּ וּדְבַר יָת תְּרֵין עוּלֵימוֹהִי עִמֵּיהּ וְיָת יִצְחָק בְּרֵיהּ וְצַלַּח אָעֵי לַעֲלָתָא וְקָם וְאָזַל לְאַתְרָא דִּי אֲמַר לֵיהּ יְיָ:
כ"ב:ג׳ אור החיים
1וַיַּשְׁכֵּם אַבְרָהָם בַּבֹּקֶר. טַעְמוֹ שֶׁל אַבְרָהָם מִשּׁוּם שֶׁאָמַר הַכָּתוּב (ויקרא ז:לח) ״בְּיוֹם צַוֹּתוֹ וְגוֹ׳ לְהַקְרִיב״ וְגוֹ׳, וְאָמְרוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (זבחים צח.) שֶׁאֵין מַקְרִיבִין בַּלַּיְלָה, וְלָזֶה הָלַךְ בִּזְמַן שֶׁהוּא כָּשֵׁר לְהַקְרִיב, שֶׁאִם יִזְדַּמֵּן לוֹ הַמָּקוֹם לֹא יִהְיֶה חָסֵר זְמַן. וַהֲגַם שֶׁהַנְּבוּאָה גַּם כֵּן הָיְתָה בַּיּוֹם וְלֹא הָיָה לוֹ לְהִתְעַכֵּב עַד יוֹם מָחָר, אוּלַי שֶׁלֹּא הָיָה זְמַן בְּאוֹתוֹ יוֹם לְהָכִין וְלָלֶכֶת אֶל הַמָּקוֹם אֲשֶׁר אָמַר לוֹ ה׳, גַּם לְדַבֵּר לְשָׂרָה בְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁלֹּא תַּרְגִּישׁ בַּדָּבָר, וְלֹא מִפְּנֵי הִתְרַשְּׁלוּת חַס וְשָׁלוֹם, וְהָעֵד ״וַיַּשְׁכֵּם אַבְרָהָם בַּבֹּקֶר״.
וישכם אברהם בבוקר. Abraham arose early in the morning. Abraham acted in line with what we know from Leviticus 7,38, that sacrifices may be brought only by day. Our sages also said (Zevachim 98) that one must not bring an offering at night. Abraham therefore set out at an hour that was suitable for bringing an offering. He did not know how far he had to travel and he wanted to have enough time left to offer the sacrifice once he would be at the right place. In view of G'd having addressed Abraham by day, perhaps he should not have waited until the following day; it is possible that he received the instructions in the late afternoon or that Isaac was not at home at the time. By reporting that Abraham rose early, the Torah explains that the day's delay was not due to any negligence on Abraham's part.
כ"ב:ד׳ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֗י וַיִּשָּׂ֨א אַבְרָהָ֧ם אֶת־עֵינָ֛יו וַיַּ֥רְא אֶת־הַמָּק֖וֹם מֵרָחֹֽק׃
22:4 On the third day Abraham looked up and saw the place from afar.
22:4 On the third day Abraham lifted up his eyes, and saw the place afar off.
כ"ב:ד׳ בְּיוֹמָא תְלִיתָאָה וּזְקַף אַבְרָהָם יָת עֵינוֹהִי וַחֲזָא יָת אַתְרָא מֵרָחִיק:
כ"ב:ה׳ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אַבְרָהָ֜ם אֶל־נְעָרָ֗יו שְׁבוּ־לָכֶ֥ם פֹּה֙ עִֽם־הַחֲמ֔וֹר וַאֲנִ֣י וְהַנַּ֔עַר נֵלְכָ֖ה עַד־כֹּ֑ה וְנִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֖ה וְנָשׁ֥וּבָה אֲלֵיכֶֽם׃
22:5 Then Abraham said to his servants, “You stay here with the ass. The boy and I will go up there; we will worship and we will return to you.”
22:5 And Abraham said unto his young men: ‘Abide ye here with the ass, and I and the lad will go yonder; and we will worship, and come back to you.’
כ"ב:ה׳ וַאֲמַר אַבְרָהָם לְעוּלֵימוֹהִי אוֹרִיכוּ לְכוֹן הָכָא עִם חֲמָרָא וַאֲנָא וְעוּלֵימָא נִתְמְטֵי עַד כָּא וְנִסְגּוּד וּנְתוּב לְוַתְכוֹן:
כ"ב:ו׳ וַיִּקַּ֨ח אַבְרָהָ֜ם אֶת־עֲצֵ֣י הָעֹלָ֗ה וַיָּ֙שֶׂם֙ עַל־יִצְחָ֣ק בְּנ֔וֹ וַיִּקַּ֣ח בְּיָד֔וֹ אֶת־הָאֵ֖שׁ וְאֶת־הַֽמַּאֲכֶ֑לֶת וַיֵּלְכ֥וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם יַחְדָּֽו׃
22:6 Abraham took the wood for the burnt offering and put it on his son Isaac. He himself took the firestoneaLit. “fire.” and the knife; and the two walked off together.
22:6 And Abraham took the wood of the burnt-offering, and laid it upon Isaac his son; and he took in his hand the fire and the knife; and they went both of them together.
כ"ב:ו׳ וּנְסֵיב אַבְרָהָם יָת אָעֵי דַעֲלָתָא וְשַׁוִּי עַל יִצְחָק בְּרֵיהּ וּנְסֵיב בִּידֵיהּ יָת אֶשָּׁתָא וְיָת סַכִּינָא וַאֲזָלוּ תַרְוֵיהוֹן בַּתְרָא (כַּחֲדָא):
כ"ב:ז׳ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יִצְחָ֜ק אֶל־אַבְרָהָ֤ם אָבִיו֙ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אָבִ֔י וַיֹּ֖אמֶר הִנֶּ֣נִּֽי בְנִ֑י וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הִנֵּ֤ה הָאֵשׁ֙ וְהָ֣עֵצִ֔ים וְאַיֵּ֥ה הַשֶּׂ֖ה לְעֹלָֽה׃
22:7 Then Isaac said to his father Abraham, “Father!” And he answered, “Yes, my son.” And he said, “Here are the firestone and the wood; but where is the sheep for the burnt offering?”
22:7 And Isaac spoke unto Abraham his father, and said: ‘My father.’ And he said: ‘Here am I, my son.’ And he said: ‘Behold the fire and the wood; but where is the lamb for a burnt-offering?’
כ"ב:ז׳ וַאֲמַר יִצְחָק לְאַבְרָהָם אֲבוּהִי וַאֲמַר אַבָּא וַאֲמַר הָא אֲנָא בְרִי וַאֲמַר הָא אֶשָּׁתָא וְאָעַיָּא וְאָן אִימְרָא לַעֲלָתָא:
כ"ב:ח׳ וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אַבְרָהָ֔ם אֱלֹהִ֞ים יִרְאֶה־לּ֥וֹ הַשֶּׂ֛ה לְעֹלָ֖ה בְּנִ֑י וַיֵּלְכ֥וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם יַחְדָּֽו׃
22:8 And Abraham said, “God will see to the sheep for His burnt offering, my son.” And the two of them walked on together.
22:8 And Abraham said: ‘God will aprovide Himself the lamb for a burnt-offering, my son.’ So they went both of them together.
כ"ב:ח׳ וַאֲמַר אַבְרָהָם קֳדָם יְיָ גְּלֵי לֵיהּ אִימְרָא לַעֲלָתָא בְּרִי וַאֲזָלוּ תַרְוֵיהוֹן כַּחֲדָא:
כ"ב:ט׳ וַיָּבֹ֗אוּ אֶֽל־הַמָּקוֹם֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָֽמַר־ל֣וֹ הָאֱלֹהִים֒ וַיִּ֨בֶן שָׁ֤ם אַבְרָהָם֙ אֶת־הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חַ וַֽיַּעֲרֹ֖ךְ אֶת־הָעֵצִ֑ים וַֽיַּעֲקֹד֙ אֶת־יִצְחָ֣ק בְּנ֔וֹ וַיָּ֤שֶׂם אֹתוֹ֙ עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חַ מִמַּ֖עַל לָעֵצִֽים׃
22:9 They arrived at the place of which God had told him. Abraham built an altar there; he laid out the wood; he bound his son Isaac; he laid him on the altar, on top of the wood.
22:9 And they came to the place which God had told him of; and Abraham built the altar there, and laid the wood in order, and bound Isaac his son, and laid him on the altar, upon the wood.
כ"ב:ט׳ וְאָתוּ לְאַתְרָא דִּי אֲמַר לֵיהּ יְיָ וּבְנָא תַמָּן אַבְרָהָם יָת מַדְבְּחָא וְסַדַּר יָת אָעַיָּא וַעֲקַד יָת יִצְחָק בְּרֵיהּ וְשַׁוִּי יָתֵיהּ עַל מַדְבְּחָא עֵיל מִן אָעַיָּא:
כ"ב:י׳ וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח אַבְרָהָם֙ אֶת־יָד֔וֹ וַיִּקַּ֖ח אֶת־הַֽמַּאֲכֶ֑לֶת לִשְׁחֹ֖ט אֶת־בְּנֽוֹ׃
22:10 And Abraham picked up the knife to slay his son.
22:10 And Abraham stretched forth his hand, and took the knife to slay his son.
כ"ב:י׳ וְאוֹשֵׁיט אַבְרָהָם יָת יְדֵיהּ וּנְסֵיב יָת סַכִּינָא לְמֵיכַס יָת בְּרֵיהּ:
כ"ב:י"א וַיִּקְרָ֨א אֵלָ֜יו מַלְאַ֤ךְ יְהוָה֙ מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וַיֹּ֖אמֶר אַבְרָהָ֣ם ׀ אַבְרָהָ֑ם וַיֹּ֖אמֶר הִנֵּֽנִי׃
22:11 Then an angel of the LORD called to him from heaven: “Abraham! Abraham!” And he answered, “Here I am.”
22:11 And the angel of the LORD called unto him out of heaven, and said: ‘Abraham, Abraham.’ And he said: ‘Here am I.’
כ"ב:י"א וּקְרָא לֵיהּ מַלְאָכָא דַיְיָ מִן שְׁמַיָּא וַאֲמַר אַבְרָהָם אַבְרָהָם וַאֲמַר הָא אֲנָא:
כ"ב:י"ב וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אַל־תִּשְׁלַ֤ח יָֽדְךָ֙ אֶל־הַנַּ֔עַר וְאַל־תַּ֥עַשׂ ל֖וֹ מְא֑וּמָּה כִּ֣י ׀ עַתָּ֣ה יָדַ֗עְתִּי כִּֽי־יְרֵ֤א אֱלֹהִים֙ אַ֔תָּה וְלֹ֥א חָשַׂ֛כְתָּ אֶת־בִּנְךָ֥ אֶת־יְחִידְךָ֖ מִמֶּֽנִּי׃
22:12 And he said, “Do not raise your hand against the boy, or do anything to him. For now I know that you fear God, since you have not withheld your son, your favored one, from Me.”
22:12 And he said: ‘Lay not thy hand upon the lad, neither do thou any thing unto him; for now I know that thou art a God-fearing man, seeing thou hast not withheld thy son, thine only son, from Me.’
כ"ב:י"ב וַאֲמַר לָא תוֹשֵׁיט יְדָךְ לְעוּלֵימָא וְלָא תַעְבֵּד לֵיהּ מִדָּעָם אֲרֵי כְּעַן יְדַעְנָא (נ"י יְדָעִית) אֲרֵי דַחֲלָא דַיְיָ אַתְּ וְלָא מְנַעְתָּ יָת בְּרָךְ יָת יְחִידָךְ מִנִּי:
כ"ב:י"ג וַיִּשָּׂ֨א אַבְרָהָ֜ם אֶת־עֵינָ֗יו וַיַּרְא֙ וְהִנֵּה־אַ֔יִל אַחַ֕ר נֶאֱחַ֥ז בַּסְּבַ֖ךְ בְּקַרְנָ֑יו וַיֵּ֤לֶךְ אַבְרָהָם֙ וַיִּקַּ֣ח אֶת־הָאַ֔יִל וַיַּעֲלֵ֥הוּ לְעֹלָ֖ה תַּ֥חַת בְּנֽוֹ׃
22:13 When Abraham looked up, his eye fell upon abReading ’eḥad with many Heb. mss. and ancient versions; text ’aḥar “after.” ram, caught in the thicket by its horns. So Abraham went and took the ram and offered it up as a burnt offering in place of his son.
22:13 And Abraham lifted up his eyes, and looked, and behold behind him a ram caught in the thicket by his horns. And Abraham went and took the ram, and offered him up for a burnt-offering in the stead of his son.
כ"ב:י"ג וּזְקַף אַבְרָהָם יָת עֵינוֹהִי בָּתַר אִלֵּין וַחֲזָא וְהָא דִכְרָא בָּתַר אֲחִיד בְּאִילָנָא בְּקַרְנוֹהִי וַאֲזַל אַבְרָהָם וּנְסֵיב יָת דִּכְרָא וְאַסְקֵיהּ לַעֲלָתָא חֲלַף בְּרֵיהּ:
כ"ב:י"ד וַיִּקְרָ֧א אַבְרָהָ֛ם שֵֽׁם־הַמָּק֥וֹם הַה֖וּא יְהוָ֣ה ׀ יִרְאֶ֑ה אֲשֶׁר֙ יֵאָמֵ֣ר הַיּ֔וֹם בְּהַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה יֵרָאֶֽה׃
22:14 And Abraham named that site Adonai-yireh,cI.e., “the Lord will see”; cf. v. 8. whence the present saying, “On the mount of the LORD there is vision.”dHeb. Behar Adonai yera’eh.
22:14 And Abraham called the name of that place Adonai-jireh; as it is said to this day: ‘In the mount where the LORD is seen.’
כ"ב:י"ד וּפְלַח וְצַלִּי אַבְרָהָם תַּמָּן בְּאַתְרָא הַהוּא וַאֲמַר קֳדָם יְיָ הָכָא יְהוֹן פַּלְחַן דָּרַיָּא בְּכֵן יִתְאַמַּר בְּיוֹמָא הָדֵין בְּטוּרָא הָדֵין אַבְרָהָם קֳדָם יְיָ פְּלָח:
ה' יראה. פְּשׁוּטוֹ כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ, ה' יִבְחַר וְיִרְאֶה לוֹ אֶת הַמָּקוֹם הַזֶּה לְהַשְׁרוֹת בּוֹ שְׁכִינָתוֹ וּלְהַקְרִיב כָּאן קָרְבָּנוֹת:
כ"ב:ט"ו וַיִּקְרָ֛א מַלְאַ֥ךְ יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־אַבְרָהָ֑ם שֵׁנִ֖ית מִן־הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃
22:15 The angel of the LORD called to Abraham a second time from heaven,
22:15 And the angel of the LORD called unto Abraham a second time out of heaven,
כ"ב:ט"ו וּקְרָא מַלְאָכָא דַיְיָ לְאַבְרָהָם תִּנְיָנוּת מִן שְׁמַיָּא:
כ"ב:ט"ז וַיֹּ֕אמֶר בִּ֥י נִשְׁבַּ֖עְתִּי נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה כִּ֗י יַ֚עַן אֲשֶׁ֤ר עָשִׂ֙יתָ֙ אֶת־הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה וְלֹ֥א חָשַׂ֖כְתָּ אֶת־בִּנְךָ֥ אֶת־יְחִידֶֽךָ׃
22:16 and said, “By Myself I swear, the LORD declares: Because you have done this and have not withheld your son, your favored one,
22:16 and said: ‘By Myself have I sworn, saith the LORD, because thou hast done this thing, and hast not withheld thy son, thine only son,
כ"ב:ט"ז וַאֲמַר בְּמֵימְרֵי קַיֵּמִית אֲמַר יְיָ אֲרֵי חֲלַף דִּי עֲבַדְתָּא יָת פִּתְגָּמָא הָדֵין וְלָא מְנַעְתָּא יָת בְּרָךְ יָת יְחִידָךְ:
כ"ב:י"ז כִּֽי־בָרֵ֣ךְ אֲבָרֶכְךָ֗ וְהַרְבָּ֨ה אַרְבֶּ֤ה אֶֽת־זַרְעֲךָ֙ כְּכוֹכְבֵ֣י הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וְכַח֕וֹל אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־שְׂפַ֣ת הַיָּ֑ם וְיִרַ֣שׁ זַרְעֲךָ֔ אֵ֖ת שַׁ֥עַר אֹיְבָֽיו׃
22:17 I will bestow My blessing upon you and make your descendants as numerous as the stars of heaven and the sands on the seashore; and your descendants shall seize the gates of their foes.
22:17 that in blessing I will bless thee, and in multiplying I will multiply thy seed as the stars of the heaven, and as the sand which is upon the seashore; and thy seed shall possess the gate of his enemies;
כ"ב:י"ז אֲרֵי בָרָכָא אֲבָרְכִנָּךְ וְאַסְגָּאָה אַסְגֵּי יָת בְּנָךְ כְּכוֹכְבֵי שְׁמַיָּא וּכְחָלָא דִּי עַל כֵּיף יַמָּא וְיִרְתוּן בְּנָךְ יָת קִרְוֵי סַנְאֵיהוֹן:
כ"ב:י"ח וְהִתְבָּרֲכ֣וּ בְזַרְעֲךָ֔ כֹּ֖ל גּוֹיֵ֣י הָאָ֑רֶץ עֵ֕קֶב אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׁמַ֖עְתָּ בְּקֹלִֽי׃
22:18 All the nations of the earth shall bless themselves by your descendants, because you have obeyed My command.”
22:18 and in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed; because thou hast hearkened to My voice.’
כ"ב:י"ח וְיִתְבָּרְכוּן בְּדִיל בְּנָךְ כֹּל עַמְמַיָּא דְאַרְעָא חֲלַף דִּי קַבֵּלְתָּא לְמֵימְרִי:
כ"ב:י"ט וַיָּ֤שָׁב אַבְרָהָם֙ אֶל־נְעָרָ֔יו וַיָּקֻ֛מוּ וַיֵּלְכ֥וּ יַחְדָּ֖ו אֶל־בְּאֵ֣ר שָׁ֑בַע וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב אַבְרָהָ֖ם בִּבְאֵ֥ר שָֽׁבַע׃ (פ)
22:19 Abraham then returned to his servants, and they departed together for Beer-sheba; and Abraham stayed in Beer-sheba.
22:19 So Abraham returned unto his young men, and they rose up and went together to Beer- sheba; and Abraham dwelt at Beer-sheba.
כ"ב:י"ט וְתַב אַבְרָהָם לְוַת עוּלֵימוֹהִי וְקָמוּ וַאֲזָלוּ כַּחֲדָא לִבְאֵר שָׁבַע וִיתֵיב אַבְרָהָם בִּבְאֵר שָׁבַע:
כ"ב:כ׳ וַיְהִ֗י אַחֲרֵי֙ הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה וַיֻּגַּ֥ד לְאַבְרָהָ֖ם לֵאמֹ֑ר הִ֠נֵּה יָלְדָ֨ה מִלְכָּ֥ה גַם־הִ֛וא בָּנִ֖ים לְנָח֥וֹר אָחִֽיךָ׃
22:20 Some time later, Abraham was told, “Milcah too has borne children to your brother Nahor:
22:20 And it came to pass after these things, that it was told Abraham, saying: ‘Behold, Milcah, she also hath borne children unto thy brother Nahor:
כ"ב:כ׳ וַהֲוָה בָּתַר פִּתְגָּמַיָּא הָאִלֵּין וְאִתְחֲוָא לְאַבְרָהָם לְמֵימָר הָא יְלֵידַת מִלְכָּה אַף הִיא בְּנִין לְנָחוֹר אָחוּךְ:
כ"ב:כ׳ אור החיים
1וַיְהִי אַחֲרֵי הַדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה וַיֻּגַּד וְגוֹ׳. טַעַם סִפּוּר זֶה, גַּם טַעַם אָמְרוֹ אַחֲרֵי הַדְּבָרִים כִּי אֵין לוֹ קֶשֶׁר לֵידַת הָאֲמוּרִים מִצַּד מַה שֶׁקָּדַם, זֶה הוּא לְהוֹדִיעַ שֶׁנּוֹלְדָה רִבְקָה בַּת זוּגוֹ שֶׁל יִצְחָק. וְטַעַם עַד עַתָּה וְלֹא קֹדֶם כְּבָר הִקְדַּמְנוּ כִּי הָיָה מִסִּטְרָא דְּנוּקְבָּא וְלֹא הָיָה לוֹ נוּקְבָּא עַד אַחַר הָעֲקֵידָה שֶׁנִּתְעַבְּרָה בּוֹ נֶפֶשׁ הַזָּכָר, אַחַר הַדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה וַיֻּגַּד לְאַבְרָהָם וְגוֹ׳, וּבְתוּאֵל יָלַד אֶת רִבְקָה וְגוֹ׳, זֶה הוּא עִקַּר הַסִּפּוּר. וְטַעַם שֶׁהֻצְרַךְ הַכָּתוּב לִכְתֹּב כָּל סֵדֶר הַנּוֹלָדִים מִנָּחוֹר גַּם מִפִּלַגְשׁוֹ רְאוּמָה לְלֹא דָבָר, דַּע כִּי כְּשֶׁתִּתְנוֹצֵץ נֶפֶשׁ צַדִּיק מֻפְלָאָה בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה אוֹ צַדֶּקֶת כְּרִבְקָה אֵם כָּל זֶרַע הַקְּדֻשָּׁה, לְצַד מַה שֶׁקָּדַם מֵהַתַּעֲרֹבֶת מִבְּחִינוֹת הָרַע מִסִּבַּת חֵטְא אָדָם הָרִאשׁוֹן אֲשֶׁר דָּבַק בּוֹ רַע וְטוֹב בַּעֲוֹנוֹת, יִמָּצְאוּן בִּשְׁכוּנָתָהּ נְפָשׁוֹת גְּדוֹלוֹת מֵחֵלֶק הַקְּלִפָּה, וּבְעָמְדָהּ יַעַמְדוּ עִמָּהּ וּבְצֵאתָהּ לָעוֹלָם יֵצְאוּ כֻּלָּם בִּשְׁכוּנָתָהּ, וְכָל אֶחָד הִכִּיר בְּחִינָתוֹ, רִבְקָה הֵאִיר אוֹרָהּ בִּקְדֻשָּׁה וְזוּלָתָהּ כְּמוֹץ יְסֹעֵר, וְלָזֶה הוֹדִיעַ הַכָּתוּב כָּל הָאֻמּוֹת שֶׁיָּצְאוּ מִנָּחוֹר, שֶׁבְּתוֹכָם הָיְתָה מַרְגָּלִית טוֹבָה רִבְקָה אִמֵּנוּ עָלֶיהָ הַשָּׁלוֹם:
ויהי אחרי הדברים האלה, ויגד. After these events Abraham was told, etc.. The reason that the Torah recorded this whole paragraph as well as the words "after the events," something totally unrelated to what the Torah spoke about previously, is to tell us that now Rebeccah, Isaac's soul-mate, had been born. We have already explained why Rebeccah was born only at that point in time. Isaac, whose soul had originated in the female emanations, had not acquired a soul from the male emanations until after the עקדה, the binding on the altar. ובתואל ילד את רבקה, Bethuel fathered Rebeccah. This is the principal line of the whole paragraph. Why did the Torah have to bother to list all the other descendants of Nachor including those from his concubines? The Torah reminds us that ever since the spiritual poison of the original serpent permeated Adam, purity could no longer exist in isolation. The birth of even the most perfect human being is invariably accompanied by the birth of impure people who lie in wait for the pure. By telling us of the other descendants of Nachor, the Torah indirectly extols the virtue of Rebeccah, mother of all that is holy, who, despite the environment she grew up in, shone forth with her many virtues.
2חסלת פרשת וירא
כ"ב:כ"א אֶת־ע֥וּץ בְּכֹר֖וֹ וְאֶת־בּ֣וּז אָחִ֑יו וְאֶת־קְמוּאֵ֖ל אֲבִ֥י אֲרָֽם׃
22:21 Uz the first-born, and Buz his brother, and Kemuel the father of Aram;
22:21 Uz his first-born, and Buz his brother, and Kemuel the father of Aram;
כ"ב:כ"א יָת עוּץ בּוּכְרֵיהּ וְיָת בּוּז אָחוּהִי וְיָת קְמוּאֵל אֲבוּהִי דַאֲרָם:
כ"ב:כ"ב וְאֶת־כֶּ֣שֶׂד וְאֶת־חֲז֔וֹ וְאֶת־פִּלְדָּ֖שׁ וְאֶת־יִדְלָ֑ף וְאֵ֖ת בְּתוּאֵֽל׃
22:22 and Chesed, Hazo, Pildash, Jidlaph, and Bethuel”—
22:22 and Chesed, and Hazo, and Pildash, and Jidlaph, and Bethuel.’
כ"ב:כ"ב וְיָת כֶּשֶׂד וְיָת חֲזוֹ וְיָת פִּלְדָּשׁ וְיָת יִדְלָף וְיָת בְּתוּאֵל:
כ"ב:כ"ג וּבְתוּאֵ֖ל יָלַ֣ד אֶת־רִבְקָ֑ה שְׁמֹנָ֥ה אֵ֙לֶּה֙ יָלְדָ֣ה מִלְכָּ֔ה לְנָח֖וֹר אֲחִ֥י אַבְרָהָֽם׃
22:23 Bethuel being the father of Rebekah. These eight Milcah bore to Nahor, Abraham’s brother.
22:23 And Bethuel begot Rebekah; these eight did Milcah bear to Nahor, Abraham’s brother.
כ"ב:כ"ג וּבְתוּאֵל אוֹלִיד יָת רִבְקָה תְּמַנְיָא אִלֵּין יְלֵידַת מִלְכָּה לְנָחוֹר אֲחוּהִי דְאַבְרָהָם:
כ"ב:כ"ד וּפִֽילַגְשׁ֖וֹ וּשְׁמָ֣הּ רְאוּמָ֑ה וַתֵּ֤לֶד גַּם־הִוא֙ אֶת־טֶ֣בַח וְאֶת־גַּ֔חַם וְאֶת־תַּ֖חַשׁ וְאֶֽת־מַעֲכָֽה׃ (ס)
22:24 And his concubine, whose name was Reumah, also bore children: Tebah, Gaham, Tahash, and Maacah.
22:24 And his concubine, whose name was Reumah, she also bore Tebah, and Gaham, and Tahash, and Maacah.
כ"ב:כ"ד וּלְחֵנָתֵיהּ וּשְׁמַהּ רְאוּמָה וִילֵידַת אַף הִיא יָת טֶבַח וְיָת גַּחַם וְיָת תַּחַשׁ וְיָת מַעֲכָה:

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