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Psalms · Chapter 108

תהלים ק"ח

א׳ שִׁ֖יר מִזְמ֣וֹר לְדָוִֽד׃

1 A song. A psalm of David.

1 A Song, a Psalm of David.

ב׳ נָכ֣וֹן לִבִּ֣י אֱלֹהִ֑ים אָשִׁ֥ירָה וַ֝אֲזַמְּרָ֗ה אַף־כְּבוֹדִֽי׃

2 My heart is firm, O God;
I will sing and chant a hymn with all my soul.

2 My heart is steadfast, O God; I will sing, yea, I will sing praises, even with my glory.

נָכוֹן לִבִּי. נֶאֱמָן עִמְּךָ:

My heart is steadfast faithful with You.

אַף כְּבוֹדִי. הוּא מַה שֶּׁאֲנִי מְשׁוֹרֵר לְךָ. דָּבָר אַחֵר: אַף כְּבוֹדִי. אַף לְפִי כְבוֹדִי לֹא אֶמָּנַע לְשׁוֹרֵר לוֹ, וְלֹא אֲחַלֵּק לְעַצְמִי כָּבוֹד:

even my glory Even my glory is what I sing to You. Another explanation: Even my glory Even according to my honor, I shall not hesitate to sing to Him, and I shall not take glory for myself.

ג׳ ע֭וּרָֽה הַנֵּ֥בֶל וְכִנּ֗וֹר אָעִ֥ירָה שָּֽׁחַר׃

3 Awake, O harp and lyre!
I will wake the dawn.

3 Awake, psaltery and harp; I will awake the dawn.

אָעִירָה שָּׁחַר. דֶּרֶךְ שְׁאָר מְלָכִים, הַשַּׁחַר מְעוֹרְרָם, וַאֲנִי מְעוֹרֵר אֶת הַשַּׁחַר; שֶׁאֲנִי קָם חֲצוֹת לַיְלָה (תהלים קיט:סב), שֶׁהַנֵּבֶל וְהַכִּנּוֹר מְעוֹרְרֵנִי; כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ (ברכות ג:): כִּנּוֹר הָיָה תָּלוּי לְמַעְלָה מִמִּטָּתוֹ שֶׁל דָּוִד; כֵּיוָן שֶׁהִגִּיעַ חֲצִי הַלַּיְלָה, רוּחַ צְפוֹנִית מְנַשֶּׁבֶת בּוֹ, וְהוּא מְנַגֵּן מֵאֵלָיו:

I shall awaken the dawn It is the custom of other kings that the dawn awakens them, but I awaken the dawn, for I rise at midnight, when the psaltery and the harp awaken me, as our Rabbis said (Ber. 3b): A harp was suspended above David’s bed. As soon as midnight arrived, the north wind would blow on it and it would play by itself.

ד׳ אוֹדְךָ֖ בָעַמִּ֥ים ׀ יְהוָ֑ה וַ֝אֲזַמֶּרְךָ֗ בַּל־אֻמִּֽים׃

4 I will praise You among the peoples, O LORD,
sing a hymn to You among the nations;

4 I will give thanks unto Thee, O LORD, among the peoples; And I will sing praises unto Thee among the nations.

ה׳ כִּֽי־גָד֣וֹל מֵֽעַל־שָׁמַ֣יִם חַסְדֶּ֑ךָ וְֽעַד־שְׁחָקִ֥ים אֲמִתֶּֽךָ׃

5 for Your faithfulness is higher than the heavens;
Your steadfastness reaches to the sky.

5 For Thy mercy is great above the heavens, And Thy truth reacheth unto the skies.

מֵעַל שָׁמַיִם. וְכָתוּב אֶחָד אוֹמֵר עַד שָׁמַיִם (תהלים נז:יא)? פֵּרְשׁוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ (פסחים נ:): כָּאן בְּעוֹשִׂין לִשְׁמָהּ, כָּאן בְּעוֹשִׂין שֶׁלֹּא לִשְׁמָהּ:

above the heavens and one verse says (above 57:11): “is up to the heavens.” Our Rabbis explained: This one speaks of those who perform [a commandment] for its sake [i.e., for the sole purpose of obeying the Torah], and that one deals with those who perform [the commandments] with ulterior motives.

ו׳ ר֣וּמָה עַל־שָׁמַ֣יִם אֱלֹהִ֑ים וְעַ֖ל כָּל־הָאָ֣רֶץ כְּבוֹדֶֽךָ׃

6 Exalt Yourself over the heavens, O God;
let Your glory be over all the earth!

6 Be Thou exalted, O God, above the heavens; And Thy glory be above all the earth.

ז׳ לְ֭מַעַן יֵחָלְצ֣וּן יְדִידֶ֑יךָ הוֹשִׁ֖יעָה יְמִֽינְךָ֣ וַעֲנֵֽנִי׃

7 That those whom You love may be rescued,
deliver with Your right hand and answer me.

7 That Thy beloved may be delivered, Save with Thy right hand, and answer me.

וַעֲנֵנִי. שֶׁכָּל עַמְּךָ וִידִידֶיךָ תְּלוּיִין בִּי:

and answer me for all Your people and Your beloved ones are dependent upon me.

ח׳ אֱלֹהִ֤ים ׀ דִּבֶּ֥ר בְּקָדְשׁ֗וֹ אֶעְלֹ֥זָה אֲחַלְּקָ֥ה שְׁכֶ֑ם וְעֵ֖מֶק סֻכּ֣וֹת אֲמַדֵּֽד׃

8 God promised in His sanctuary
that I would exultingly divide up Shechem,
and measure the Valley of Sukkoth;

8 God spoke in His holiness, that I would exult; That I would divide Shechem, and mete out the valley of Succoth.

אֱלֹהִים דִּבֶּר בְּקָדְשׁוֹ. שֶׁאֶמְלֹךְ וְיָבֹא הָעֵת וְאֶעֱלֹז בִּדְבָרוֹ (תהלים ס:ח):

God spoke with His holiness that I would reign and that the time would come that I would rejoice in His word.

אֲחַלְּקָה שְׁכֶם. אֲחַלְּקָה אֶרֶץ אוֹיְבִי לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, שְׁכֶם חֵלֶק כְּמוֹ (בראשית מח:כב) ״שְׁכֶם אַחַד עַל אַחֶיךָ״ (וְעֵמֶק סֻכּוֹת אֲמַדֵּד):

that I would allot a portion I shall divide the land of my enemies to Israel, like (Gen. 48: 22): “one portion (שכם) more than your brethren.”

ט׳ לִ֤י גִלְעָ֨ד ׀ לִ֤י מְנַשֶּׁ֗ה וְ֭אֶפְרַיִם מָע֣וֹז רֹאשִׁ֑י יְ֝הוּדָ֗ה מְחֹקְקִֽי׃

9 Gilead and Manasseh would be mine,
Ephraim my chief stronghold,
Judah my scepter;

9 Gilead is mine, Manasseh is mine; Ephraim also is the defence of my head; Judah is my sceptre.

י׳ מוֹאָ֤ב ׀ סִ֬יר רַחְצִ֗י עַל־אֱ֭דוֹם אַשְׁלִ֣יךְ נַעֲלִ֑י עֲלֵֽי־פְ֝לֶ֗שֶׁת אֶתְרוֹעָֽע׃

10 Moab would be my washbasin;
on Edom I would cast my shoe;
I would raise a shout over Philistia.

10 Moab is my washpot; Upon Edom do I cast my shoe; Over Philistia do I cry aloud.

מוֹאָב סִיר רַחְצִי. כְּלוֹמַר: עַבְדִּי וְשַׁמָּשִׁי, כִּכְלִי תַשְׁמִישׁ שֶׁמִּשְׁתַּמְּשִׁין בּוֹ:

Moab is my washbasin i.e., my slaves and my servants, like a utensil that people use.

עַל אֱדוֹם אַשְׁלִיךְ. עֲבוֹדָתִי, שֶׁיִּהְיוּ מַלְכֵיהֶם נוֹטְלִין מִנְעָלַי בְּרַגְלִי:

on Edom I shall cast my servitude, that their kings should put my shoes on my feet.

אֶתְרוֹעָע. אָרִיעַ לָהֶם קוֹל לְיָרְאָם מִפָּנַי:

I shall shout I shall raise my voice to them to frighten them.

י"א מִ֣י יֹ֭בִלֵנִי עִ֣יר מִבְצָ֑ר מִ֖י נָחַ֣נִי עַד־אֱדֽוֹם׃

11 Would that I were brought to the bastion!
Would that I were led to Edom!

11 Who will bring me into the fortified city? Who will lead me unto Edom?

מִי יֹבִילֵנִי. לִימוֹת הַמָּשִׁיחַ לִפְשׁוֹט יָד בְּעֵשָׂו בְּעָרֵי מִבְצָרִים, מִי שֶׁנָּחַנִי כְּבָר עַל אֱדוֹם שֶׁהִכִּיתִי בָהֶם ״בְּגֵיא מֶלַח שְׁמוֹנָה עָשָׂר אֶלֶף״ (שמואל ב ח:יג):

Who will bring me in the time of the Messiah, to stretch forth my hand upon Esau in his fortified cities? He Who Who led us already upon Edom, that I smote them in the Valley of Salt, eighteen thousand.

י"ב הֲלֹֽא־אֱלֹהִ֥ים זְנַחְתָּ֑נוּ וְֽלֹא־תֵצֵ֥א אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים בְּצִבְאֹתֵֽינוּ׃

12 But You have rejected us, O God;
God, You do not march with our armies.

12 Hast not Thou cast us off, O God? And Thou goest not forth, O God, with our hosts?

י"ג הָֽבָה־לָּ֣נוּ עֶזְרָ֣ת מִצָּ֑ר וְ֝שָׁ֗וְא תְּשׁוּעַ֥ת אָדָֽם׃

13 Grant us Your aid against the foe,
for the help of man is worthless.

13 Give us help against the adversary; For vain is the help of man.

י"ד בֵּֽאלֹהִ֥ים נַעֲשֶׂה־חָ֑יִל וְ֝ה֗וּא יָב֥וּס צָרֵֽינוּ׃

14 With God we shall triumph;
He will trample our foes.

14 Through God we shall do valiantly; For He it is that will tread down our adversaries.

Psalms · Chapter 108

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