א׳
מִזְמ֗וֹר לְאָ֫סָ֥ף אֱֽלֹהִ֡ים בָּ֤אוּ גוֹיִ֨ם ׀ בְּֽנַחֲלָתֶ֗ךָ טִ֭מְּאוּ אֶת־הֵיכַ֣ל קָדְשֶׁ֑ךָ שָׂ֖מוּ אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֣ם לְעִיִּֽים׃
1
A psalm of Asaph.
O God, heathens have entered Your domain,
defiled Your holy temple,
and turned Jerusalem into ruins.
1
A Psalm of Asaph. O God, the heathen are come into Thine inheritance; They have defiled Thy holy temple; They have made Jerusalem into heaps.
לְעִיִּים. לְגַלִּים. וּמַהוּ מִזְמוֹר, וַהֲלֹא קִינָה הִיא?! אֶלָּא לְפִי שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״כִּלָּה ה׳ אֶת חֲמָתוֹ״ (איכה ד:יא), וּבַמֶּה כִּלָּה? ״וַיַּצֶּת אֵשׁ בְּצִיּוֹן״ (איכה ד:יא) – מִזְמוֹר וְשִׁיר הוּא, שֶׁשָּׁפַךְ חֲמָתוֹ עַל עֵצִים וְעַל הָאֲבָנִים וְלֹא עָשָׂה כְּלָיָה בְּבָנָיו:
into heaps Now what is this song? Is it not a lamentation? But because it says (Lam. 4:11): “The Lord has spent His fury.” With what has He spent it? “He has kindled a fire in Zion.” This is a song and an occasion for singing, for He poured out His fury on the wood and stones and did not utterly destroy His children.
ב׳
נָֽתְנ֡וּ אֶת־נִבְלַ֬ת עֲבָדֶ֗יךָ מַ֭אֲכָל לְע֣וֹף הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם בְּשַׂ֥ר חֲ֝סִידֶ֗יךָ לְחַיְתוֹ־אָֽרֶץ׃
2
They have left Your servants’ corpses
as food for the fowl of heaven,
and the flesh of Your faithful for the wild beasts.
2
They have given the dead bodies of Thy servants to be food unto the fowls of the heaven, The flesh of Thy saints unto the beasts of the earth.
בְּשַׂר חֲסִידֶיךָ. וַהֲלֹא רְשָׁעִים הָיוּ? אֶלָּא מִשֶּׁקִּבְּלוּ פֻּרְעָנוּתָם, הֲרֵי הֵם חֲסִידִים. וְכֵן הוּא אוֹמֵר ״וְנִקְלָה אָחִיךָ״ (דברים כה:ג) – כֵּיוָן שֶׁלָּקָה, אָחִיךָ הוּא. כֵּן מְפֹרָשׁ בָּאַגָּדָה:
the flesh of Your pious ones Now were they not wicked? But since they received their punishment, they are accounted as pious men. Similarly, Scripture states (Deut. 25:3): “your brother would be degraded before your eyes.” As soon as he is lashed, he is your brother. It is explained in this manner in the Aggadah (Mid. Ps. 79:4).
ג׳
שָׁפְכ֬וּ דָמָ֨ם ׀ כַּמַּ֗יִם סְֽבִ֘יב֤וֹת יְֽרוּשָׁלִָ֗ם וְאֵ֣ין קוֹבֵֽר׃
3
Their blood was shed like water around Jerusalem,
with none to bury them.
3
They have shed their blood like water Round about Jerusalem, with none to bury them.
ד׳
הָיִ֣ינוּ חֶ֭רְפָּה לִשְׁכֵנֵ֑ינוּ לַ֥עַג וָ֝קֶ֗לֶס לִסְבִיבוֹתֵֽינוּ׃
4
We have become the butt of our neighbors,
the scorn and derision of those around us.
4
We are become a taunt to our neighbours, A scorn and derision to them that are round about us.
וָקֶלֶס. לְשׁוֹן דִּבָּה, לְדַבֵּר בָּם, כְּמוֹ ״לְמָשָׁל״ (דברים כח:לז):
and derision Heb. וקלס, an expression of speech, to speak of them as for a byword.
ה׳
עַד־מָ֣ה יְ֭הוָה תֶּאֱנַ֣ף לָנֶ֑צַח תִּבְעַ֥ר כְּמוֹ־אֵ֝֗שׁ קִנְאָתֶֽךָ׃
5
How long, O LORD, will You be angry forever,
will Your indignation blaze like fire?
5
How long, O LORD, wilt Thou be angry for ever? How long will Thy jealousy burn like fire?
עַד מָה. עַד מָתַי?
How long Heb. עד מה [lit. until what.] Until when?
תֶּאֱנַף. תִּקְצֹף:
Your jealousy Your wrath,
קִנְאָתֶךָ. חֲמָתְךָ שֶׁאַתָּה מְקַנֵּא לְהִנָּקֵם, לְשׁוֹן ״אֵל קַנָּא״ (שמות כ:ה). אִינְפְרִינְמַנְ״ט בְּלַעַ״ז:
that You are jealous to wreak vengeance, an expression of (Exod. 20:5): “a jealous (קנא) God,” emportement or enprenemant in Old French, zealous anger.
ו׳
שְׁפֹ֤ךְ חֲמָתְךָ֨ אֶֽל־הַגּוֹיִם֮ אֲשֶׁ֪ר לֹא־יְדָ֫ע֥וּךָ וְעַ֥ל מַמְלָכ֑וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּ֝שִׁמְךָ֗ לֹ֣א קָרָֽאוּ׃
6
Pour out Your fury on the nations that do not know You,
upon the kingdoms that do not invoke Your name,
6
Pour out Thy wrath upon the nations that know Thee not, And upon the kingdoms that call not upon Thy name.
ז׳
כִּ֭י אָכַ֣ל אֶֽת־יַעֲקֹ֑ב וְֽאֶת־נָוֵ֥הוּ הֵשַֽׁמּוּ׃
7
for they have devoured Jacob
and desolated his home.
7
For they have devoured Jacob, And laid waste his habitation.
ח׳
אַֽל־תִּזְכָּר־לָנוּ֮ עֲוֺנֹ֪ת רִאשֹׁ֫נִ֥ים מַ֭הֵר יְקַדְּמ֣וּנוּ רַחֲמֶ֑יךָ כִּ֖י דַלּ֣וֹנוּ מְאֹֽד׃
8
Do not hold our former iniquities against us;
let Your compassion come swiftly toward us,
for we have sunk very low.
8
Remember not against us the iniquities of our forefathers; Let Thy compassions speedily come to meet us; For we are brought very low.
ט׳
עָזְרֵ֤נוּ ׀ אֱלֹ֘הֵ֤י יִשְׁעֵ֗נוּ עַל־דְּבַ֥ר כְּבֽוֹד־שְׁמֶ֑ךָ וְהַצִּילֵ֥נוּ וְכַפֵּ֥ר עַל־חַ֝טֹּאתֵ֗ינוּ לְמַ֣עַן שְׁמֶֽךָ׃
9
Help us, O God, our deliverer,
for the sake of the glory of Your name.
Save us and forgive our sin,
for the sake of Your name.
9
Help us, O God of our salvation, for the sake of the glory of Thy name; And deliver us, and forgive our sins, for Thy name's sake.
י׳
לָ֤מָּה ׀ יֹאמְר֣וּ הַגּוֹיִם֮ אַיֵּ֪ה אֱֽלֹהֵ֫יהֶ֥ם יִוָּדַ֣ע בגיים [בַּגּוֹיִ֣ם] לְעֵינֵ֑ינוּ נִ֝קְמַ֗ת דַּֽם־עֲבָדֶ֥יךָ הַשָּׁפֽוּךְ׃
10
Let the nations not say, “Where is their God?”
Before our eyes let it be known among the nations
that You avenge the spilled blood of Your servants.
10
Wherefore should the nations say: 'Where is their God?' Let the avenging of Thy servants' blood that is shed Be made known among the nations in our sight. .
י"א
תָּ֤ב֣וֹא לְפָנֶיךָ֮ אֶנְקַ֪ת אָ֫סִ֥יר כְּגֹ֥דֶל זְרוֹעֲךָ֑ ה֝וֹתֵ֗ר בְּנֵ֣י תְמוּתָֽה׃
11
Let the groans of the prisoners reach You;
reprieve those condemned to death,
as befits Your great strength.
11
Let the groaning of the prisoner come before Thee; According to the greatness of Thy power set free those that are appointed to death;
הוֹתֵר. פַּתַּח אֲסִירִים מִמַּסְגֵּר שֶׁלָּהֶם, כְּמוֹ ״מַתִּיר אֲסוּרִים״ (תהלים קמו:ז), ״שָׁלַח מֶלֶךְ וַיַּתִּירֵהוּ״ (תהלים קה:כ):
set free Heb. הותר, release the prisoners from their prison, as (below 105:20): “A king sent and released him (ויתירהו)”; (146:7), “sets loose (מתיר) the bound.”
בְּנֵי תְמוּתָה. בְּנֵי הַנֶּהֱרֶגֶת עָלֶיךָ, תְמוּתָה אִינְמוֹרִינִיד״א בְּלַעַ״ז, וְיֵשׁ דּוּגְמָתוֹ בִּלְשׁוֹן חֲכָמִים: מוּטָב שֶׁיֹּאכְלוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּשַׂר תְּמוּתָה שְׁחוּטָה וְאַל יֹאכְלוּ בְּשַׂר תְּמוּתָה נְבֵלָה, וּפֵרוּשׁוֹ בְּשַׂר מְסֻכֶּנֶת שֶׁשְּׁחָטָהּ בְּמַסֶּכֶת קִדּוּשִׁין (קדושין כא:-כב.):
the children of the mother who died The children of her who was killed because of You; enmorinede in Old French, doomed to die. There is an example in the Sages’ language: “It is better that Jews eat the flesh of slaughtered dying beasts rather than eat the flesh of the carcasses of dying animals.” That means the flesh of a dying animal that was slaughtered, in tractate Kiddushin (21b).
י"ב
וְהָ֘שֵׁ֤ב לִשְׁכֵנֵ֣ינוּ שִׁ֭בְעָתַיִם אֶל־חֵיקָ֑ם חֶרְפָּ֘תָ֤ם אֲשֶׁ֖ר חֵרְפ֣וּךָ אֲדֹנָֽי׃
12
Pay back our neighbors sevenfold
for the abuse they have flung at You, O Lord.
12
And render unto our neighbours sevenfold into their bosom Their reproach, wherewith they have reproached Thee, O Lord.
י"ג
וַאֲנַ֤חְנוּ עַמְּךָ֨ ׀ וְצֹ֥אן מַרְעִיתֶךָ֮ נ֤וֹדֶ֥ה לְּךָ֗ לְע֫וֹלָ֥ם לְדֹ֥ר וָדֹ֑ר נְ֝סַפֵּ֗ר תְּהִלָּתֶֽךָ׃
13
Then we, Your people,
the flock You shepherd,
shall glorify You forever;
for all time we shall tell Your praises.
13
So we that are Thy people and the flock of Thy pasture Will give Thee thanks for ever; We will tell of Thy praise to all generations.