א׳
מִזְמ֗וֹר לְדָ֫וִ֥ד יְ֭הֹוָה מִי־יָג֣וּר בְּאָהֳלֶ֑ךָ מִֽי־יִ֝שְׁכֹּ֗ן בְּהַ֣ר קָדְשֶֽׁךָ׃
1
A psalm of David.
LORD, who may sojourn in Your tent,
who may dwell on Your holy mountain?
1
A Psalm of David. LORD, who shall sojourn in Thy tabernacle? Who shall dwell upon Thy holy mountain?
ב׳
הוֹלֵ֣ךְ תָּ֭מִים וּפֹעֵ֥ל צֶ֑דֶק וְדֹבֵ֥ר אֱ֝מֶ֗ת בִּלְבָבֽוֹ׃
2
He who lives without blame,
who does what is right,
and in his heart acknowledges the truth;
2
He that walketh uprightly, and worketh righteousness, And speaketh truth in his heart;
וְדוֹבֵר אֱמֶת בִּלְבָבוֹ. הַטּוֹב שֶׁהוּא אוֹמֵר בִּלְבָבוֹ הוּא אֱמֶת, וְאֵינוֹ אֶחָד בַּפֶּה וְאֶחָד בַּלֵּב (ס״א אינו):
and speaks truth in his heart The good that he says in his heart is true. He is not a hypocrite [lit. one in mouth and one in heart].
ג׳
לֹֽא־רָגַ֨ל ׀ עַל־לְשֹׁנ֗וֹ לֹא־עָשָׂ֣ה לְרֵעֵ֣הוּ רָעָ֑ה וְ֝חֶרְפָּ֗ה לֹא־נָשָׂ֥א עַל־קְרֹֽבוֹ׃
3
whose tongue is not given to evil;
who has never done harm to his fellow,
or borne reproach for [his acts toward] his neighbor;
3
That hath no slander upon his tongue, Nor doeth evil to his fellow, Nor taketh up a reproach against his neighbour;
לֹא רָגַל עַל לְשׁוֹנוֹ. אַנְקוּשָׁ״א בְּלַעַ״ז, כְּמוֹ ״וַיְרַגֵּל בְּעַבְדְּךָ״ (שמואל ב יט:כח). מִזְמוֹר זֶה לְהוֹדִיעַ מִדַּת חֲסִידוּת:
He did not slander with his tongue Ankuza in Old French, to accuse, as (in II Sam. 19:28) “And he slandered (וירגל) your servant.” This psalm is to inform us of the [proper] measure of piety.
וְחֶרְפָּה לֹא נָשָׂא. רֵיפוֹרְטָ״א בְּלַעַ״ז:
neither did he take up reproach Rapporta in Old French, to report.
עַל קְרוֹבוֹ. אִם עָבַר קְרוֹבוֹ עֲבֵרָה שֶׁיֵּשׁ בָּהּ עֹנֶשׁ, עֲנָשׁוֹ בְּמִשְׁפָּט וְלֹא נָשָׂא עָלָיו חֶרְפָּתוֹ, שֶׁיְּהֵא פִּתְחוֹן פֶּה לַמְחָרֵף לוֹמַר: כָּךְ עָבַר פְּלוֹנִי קְרוֹבְךָ וְחִפִּיתָ עָלָיו:
upon his kinsman If his kinsman committed a transgression for which he was punishable, he would punish him with justice, and he did not bear upon himself his reproach, that the reproacher should have an excuse to say, “So-and-so, your relative, committed such-and-such a sin, and you covered up for him.”
ד׳
נִבְזֶ֤ה ׀ בְּֽעֵ֘ינָ֤יו נִמְאָ֗ס וְאֶת־יִרְאֵ֣י יְהוָ֣ה יְכַבֵּ֑ד נִשְׁבַּ֥ע לְ֝הָרַ֗ע וְלֹ֣א יָמִֽר׃
4
for whom a contemptible man is abhorrent,
but who honors those who fear the LORD;
who stands by his oath even to his hurt;
4
In whose eyes a vile person is despised, But he honoureth them that fear the LORD; He that sweareth to his own hurt, and changeth not;
נִבְזֶה בְּעֵינָיו נִמְאָס. מִי שֶׁהוּא נִבְזֶה בְּרִשְׁעָתוֹ נִמְאָס בְּעֵינָיו שֶׁל צַדִּיק, כְּגוֹן חִזְקִיָּהוּ שֶׁגֵּרֵר עַצְמוֹת אָבִיו בְּבִזָּיוֹן:
A base person is despised in his eyes One who is base with his wickedness is despised in the eyes of the righteous man, e.g. Hezekiah, who dragged his father’s remains in disgrace.
נִשְׁבַּע לְהָרַע. לְעַצְמוֹ:
he swears to hurt himself.
וְלֹא יָמִיר. שְׁבוּעָתוֹ, קַל וָחֹמֶר שֶׁאֵינָהּ מֵמִירָהּ בְּדָבָר שֶׁאֵינָהּ לְרָעָתוֹ:
and does not retract his oath. How much more does he not retract it if it concerns something that is not to his hurt!
ה׳
כַּסְפּ֤וֹ ׀ לֹא־נָתַ֣ן בְּנֶשֶׁךְ֮ וְשֹׁ֥חַד עַל־נָקִ֗י לֹ֥א לָ֫קָ֥ח עֹֽשֵׂה־אֵ֑לֶּה לֹ֖א יִמּ֣וֹט לְעוֹלָֽם׃
5
who has never lent money at interest,
or accepted a bribe against the innocent.
The man who acts thus shall never be shaken.
5
He that putteth not out his money on interest, Nor taketh a bribe against the innocent. He that doeth these things shall never be moved.
וְשֹׁחַד לֹא לָקָח. עַל עָנִי לְהַרְשִׁיעוֹ בַּדִּין, לְהַטּוֹת מִשְׁפָּטוֹ. וְעוֹד פֵּרְשׁוּהוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ (ספרי דברים קמד): לֹא לָקַח שֹׁחַד עַל נָקִי לְנַקּוֹתוֹ בְּדִינוֹ, קַל וָחֹמֶר שֶׁאֵינוֹ לוֹקֵחַ שֹׁחַד לְהַטּוֹת הַמִּשְׁפָּט:
nor did he accept a bribe, etc. against a poor man, to condemn him in judgment by judging perversely. Our Sages explained it further to mean that he would not accept a bribe to exonerate him in judgment, and he certainly will not take a bribe to pervert the judgment.
לֹא יִמּוֹט. וְהוּא רָאוּי לָגוּר בְּאָהָלֶיךָ (ספרים אחרין אינו):
shall not falter and he deserves to sojourn in Your tent.
לֹא יִמּוֹט לְעוֹלָם. אִם יִמּוֹט, אֵין מֻטָּתוֹ מֻטָה עוֹלָם, אֶלָּא מִתְמוֹטֵט וְעוֹלֶה:
shall not falter forever If he falters, his faltering will not be permanent faltering, but he will falter and ascend.