א׳
לַמְנַצֵּ֣חַ אַל־תַּשְׁחֵת֮ לְדָוִ֪ד מִ֫כְתָּ֥ם בִּשְׁלֹ֥חַ שָׁא֑וּל וַֽיִּשְׁמְר֥וּ אֶת־הַ֝בַּ֗יִת לַהֲמִיתֽוֹ׃
1
For the leader; al tashḥeth. Of David. A michtam; when Saul sent men to watch his house in order to put him to death.
1
For the Leader; Al-tashheth. [A Psalm] of David; Michtam; when Saul sent, and they watched the house to kill him.
אַל תַּשְׁחֵת. כָּךְ קָרָא שֵׁם הַמִּזְמוֹר, עַל שֵׁם שֶׁהָיָה קָרוֹב לָמוּת וְלִהְיוֹת נִשְׁחָת, מְבַקֵּשׁ רַחֲמִים עַל הַדָּבָר:
al tashcheth He called the psalm by this name because he was close to dying and to being destroyed, and he begged for mercy in the matter.
וַיִּשְׁמְרוּ אֶת הַבַּיִת. כְּשֶׁאָמְרָה לָהֶם מִיכַל: ״חוֹלֶה הוּא״ (שמואל א יט:יד), וְהִבְרִיחַתּוֹ בַּלַּיְלָה:
and they guarded the house when Michal told them that he was ill (I Sam. 19:14) and she allowed him to flee at night.
ב׳
הַצִּילֵ֖נִי מֵאֹיְבַ֥י ׀ אֱלֹהָ֑י מִּמִתְקוֹמְמַ֥י תְּשַׂגְּבֵֽנִי׃
2
Save me from my enemies, O my God;
secure me against my assailants.
2
Deliver me from mine enemies, O my God; set me on high from them that rise up against me.
ג׳
הַ֭צִּילֵנִי מִפֹּ֣עֲלֵי אָ֑וֶן וּֽמֵאַנְשֵׁ֥י דָ֝מִ֗ים הוֹשִׁיעֵֽנִי׃
3
Save me from evildoers;
deliver me from murderers.
3
Deliver me from the workers of iniquity, and save me from the men of blood.
ד׳
כִּ֤י הִנֵּ֪ה אָֽרְב֡וּ לְנַפְשִׁ֗י יָג֣וּרוּ עָלַ֣י עַזִ֑ים לֹא־פִשְׁעִ֖י וְלֹא־חַטָּאתִ֣י יְהוָֽה׃
4
For see, they lie in wait for me;
fierce men plot against me
for no offense of mine,
for no transgression, O LORD;
4
For, lo, they lie in wait for my soul; the impudent gather themselves together against me; not for my transgression, nor for my sin, O LORD.
יָגוּרוּ עָלַי. לָנִים בְּבֵיתִי לְשָׁמְרֵנִי:
[they] lodge against me to enter my house, to guard me.
ה׳
בְּֽלִי־עָ֭וֺן יְרוּצ֣וּן וְיִכּוֹנָ֑נוּ ע֖וּרָה לִקְרָאתִ֣י וּרְאֵה׃
5
for no guilt of mine
do they rush to array themselves against me.
Look, rouse Yourself on my behalf!
5
Without my fault, they run and prepare themselves; awake Thou to help me, and behold.
בְּלִי עָוֺן. לֹא חָטָאתִי לָהֶם:
Without iniquity I did not sin against them.
וְיִכּוֹנָנוּ. מְזֻמָּנִים לַהֲרוֹג:
and prepare themselves Ready to kill.
ו׳
וְאַתָּ֤ה יְהוָֽה־אֱלֹהִ֥ים ׀ צְבָא֡וֹת אֱלֹ֘הֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל הָקִ֗יצָה לִפְקֹ֥ד כָּֽל־הַגּוֹיִ֑ם אַל־תָּחֹ֨ן כָּל־בֹּ֖גְדֵי אָ֣וֶן סֶֽלָה׃
6
You, O LORD God of hosts,
God of Israel,
bestir Yourself to bring all nations to account;
have no mercy on any treacherous villain. Selah.
6
Thou therefore, O LORD God of hosts, the God of Israel, arouse Thyself to punish all the nations; show no mercy to any iniquitous traitors. Selah
הָקִיצָה לִפְקֹד כָּל הַגּוֹיִם. וְאֶת הָרְשָׁעִים שְׁפוֹט כְּמִשְׁפְּטֵי הַגּוֹיִם, וַעֲלֵיהֶם אַל תָּחֹן:
arise to visit upon all the nations And judge these wicked men according to the statutes of the nations. Do not be gracious to them.
ז׳
יָשׁ֣וּבוּ לָ֭עֶרֶב יֶהֱמ֥וּ כַכָּ֗לֶב וִיס֥וֹבְבוּ עִֽיר׃
7
They come each evening growling like dogs,
roaming the city.
7
They return at evening, they howl like a dog, and go round about the city.
יָשׁוּבוּ לָעֶרֶב וְגוֹ׳, הִנֵּה יַבִּיעוּן בְּפִיהֶם. פִּתְרוֹן שְׁנֵי מִקְרָאוֹת הַלָּלוּ נוֹפֵל זֶה עַל זֶה, יָשׁוּבוּ לָעֶרֶב לֹא דַיָּם מַה שֶּׁעָשׂוּ בַּיּוֹם אֶלָּא אַף לָעֶרֶב יָשׁוּבוּ עַל רָעָתָם לִשְׁמֹר שֶׁלֹּא אֶבְרַח וְאֵצֵא מִן הָעִיר, וּמַה עָשׂוּ בַּיּוֹם? הִנֵּה כָּל הַיּוֹם יַבִּיעוּ בְּפִיהֶם לְרַגֵּל עָלַי אֶל שָׁאוּל:
They return in the evening, etc... Behold, they spew forth with their mouth The interpretation of these two verses connects one to the other. They return in the evening What they did by day does not suffice them; in the evening they repeat their evil: guarding me that I do not escape and leave the city Now what did they do by day? Behold, all day they spew forth with their mouth, to spy on me to Saul.
ח׳
הִנֵּ֤ה ׀ יַבִּ֘יע֤וּן בְּפִיהֶ֗ם חֲ֭רָבוֹת בְּשִׂפְתוֹתֵיהֶ֑ם כִּי־מִ֥י שֹׁמֵֽעַ׃
8
They rave with their mouths,
sharp words are on their lips;
[they think,] “Who hears?”
8
Behold, they belch out with their mouth; swords are in their lips: 'For who doth hear?'
חֲרָבוֹת בְּשִׂפְתוֹתֵיהֶם. וְאוֹמְרִים בְּלִבָּם: מִי שׁוֹמֵעַ?
swords in their lips and they think to themselves, “Who hears?”
ט׳
וְאַתָּ֣ה יְ֭הוָה תִּשְׂחַק־לָ֑מוֹ תִּ֝לְעַ֗ג לְכָל־גּוֹיִֽם׃
9
But You, O LORD, laugh at them;
You mock all the nations.
9
But Thou, O LORD, shalt laugh at them; Thou shalt have all the nations in derision.
וְאַתָּה ה׳. אֲשֶׁר תִּלְעַג תִּשְׂחַק גַּם לָרְשָׁעִים הַלָּלוּ:
But You, O Lord Who will scoff at all the nations, will mock these wicked men as well.
י׳
עֻ֭זּוֹ אֵלֶ֣יךָ אֶשְׁמֹ֑רָה כִּֽי־אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים מִשְׂגַּבִּֽי׃
10
O my strength, I wait for You;
for God is my haven.
10
Because of his strength, I will wait for Thee; for God is my high tower.
עֻזּוֹ אֵלֶיךָ אֶשְׁמֹרָה. עֻזּוֹ וְתָקְפּוֹ שֶׁל אוֹיְבִי הֶחָזָק עָלַי, אֵלֶיךָ אֶשְׁמֹרָה וַאֲצַפֶּה לְעָזְרֵנִי הֵימֶנּוּ:
[Because of] his strength The strength and might of my enemy, who is stronger than I. I hope for You and I wait [for You] to rescue me from him.
י"א
אֱלֹהֵ֣י חסדו [חַסְדִּ֣י] יְקַדְּמֵ֑נִי אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים יַרְאֵ֥נִי בְשֹׁרְרָֽי׃
11
My faithful God will come to aid me;
God will let me gloat over my watchful foes.
11
The God of my mercy will come to meet me; God will let me gaze upon mine adversaries.
יְקַדְּמֵנִי. יַקְדִּים לִי עֶזְרָתִי קוֹדֶם שֶׁתִּשְׁלוֹט בִּי יַד שׂוֹנְאַי:
will precede He will give me His help before the hand of my enemy overwhelms me.
יַרְאֵנִי בְשׁוֹרְרָי. מַה שֶּׁאֲנִי תָּאֵב לִרְאוֹת:
will allow me to see in those who watch me what I long to see.
י"ב
אַל־תַּהַרְגֵ֤ם ׀ פֶּֽן־יִשְׁכְּח֬וּ עַמִּ֗י הֲנִיעֵ֣מוֹ בְ֭חֵילְךָ וְהוֹרִידֵ֑מוֹ מָֽגִנֵּ֣נוּ אֲדֹנָֽי׃
12
Do not kill them lest my people be unmindful;
with Your power make wanderers of them;
bring them low, O our shield, the Lord,
12
Slay them not, lest my people forget, make them wander to and fro by Thy power, and bring them down, O Lord our shield.
אַל תַּהַרְגֵם. שֶׁאֵין זוֹ נְקָמָה הַנִּכֶּרֶת:
Do not kill them because this is not recognizable [as] revenge.
פֶּן יִשְׁכְּחוּ עַמִּי. כִּי כָל הַמֵּתִים מִשְׁתַּכְּחִים, אֶלָּא הֲנִיעֵמוֹ מִנִּכְסֵיהֶם שֶׁיִּהְיוּ עֲנִיִּים, וְהִיא נְקָמָה שֶׁתִּזָּכֵר לְאֹרֶךְ יָמִים:
lest my people forget because all the dead are forgotten. Instead, deprive them of their possessions, so that they are impoverished. That is the revenge that will be long remembered.
י"ג
חַטַּאת־פִּ֗ימוֹ דְּֽבַר־שְׂפָ֫תֵ֥ימוֹ וְיִלָּכְד֥וּ בִגְאוֹנָ֑ם וּמֵאָלָ֖ה וּמִכַּ֣חַשׁ יְסַפֵּֽרוּ׃
13
because of their sinful mouths,
the words on their lips.
Let them be trapped by their pride,
and by the imprecations and lies they utter.
13
For the sin of their mouth, and the words of their lips, let them even be taken in their pride, and for cursing and lying which they speak.
חַטַּאת. שֶׁל פִּיהֶם הוּא דְּבַר שְׂפָתֵימוֹ, וְנִלְכָּדִים בִּגְאוֹנָם הָעֲנִיִּים הַנִּרְדָּפִים עַל יְדֵיהֶם, מִפְּנֵי הָאָלָה וְהַכַּחַשׁ שֶׁהֵם מְסַפְּרִים:
The sin of their mouth is the word of their lips, and the poor who are pursued by them because of the curse and the lies that they tell, are seized through their haughtiness.
י"ד
כַּלֵּ֥ה בְחֵמָה֮ כַּלֵּ֪ה וְֽאֵ֫ינֵ֥מוֹ וְֽיֵדְע֗וּ כִּֽי־אֱ֭לֹהִים מֹשֵׁ֣ל בְּיַעֲקֹ֑ב לְאַפְסֵ֖י הָאָ֣רֶץ סֶֽלָה׃
14
In Your fury put an end to them;
put an end to them that they be no more;
that it may be known to the ends of the earth
that God does rule over Jacob. Selah.
14
Consume them in wrath, consume them, that they be no more; and let them know that God ruleth in Jacob, unto the ends of the earth. Selah
כַּלֵּה. אוֹתָם בַּחֲמָתְךָ מֶלֶךְ הַשּׁוֹפֵט, וְיֵדְעוּ כִּי אַתָּה מוֹשֵׁל בְּיַעֲקֹב:
Destroy [them] with wrath Destroy them with Your wrath, O King Who judges, and let them know that You rule over Jacob.
ט"ו
וְיָשׁ֣וּבוּ לָ֭עֶרֶב יֶהֱמ֥וּ כַכָּ֗לֶב וִיס֥וֹבְבוּ עִֽיר׃
15
They come each evening growling like dogs,
roaming the city.
15
And they return at evening, they howl like a dog, and go round about the city;
וְיָשׁוּבוּ לָעֶרֶב. מְחֻבָּר לַמִּקְרָא הָעֶלְיוֹן חֲטַאת פִּימוֹ, הֵם מְדַבְּרִים בַּיּוֹם, וְלָעֶרֶב הֵם שָׁבִים לֶאֱרֹב אוֹתָם שֶׁהִלְשִׁינוּ עֲלֵיהֶם:
And they will return in the evening This is attached to the preceding verse. The sin of their mouth they speak by day, and in the evening, they return to ambush those whom they slandered.
ט"ז
הֵ֭מָּה ינועון [יְנִיע֣וּן] לֶאֱכֹ֑ל אִם־לֹ֥א יִ֝שְׂבְּע֗וּ וַיָּלִֽינוּ׃
16
They wander in search of food;
and whine if they are not satisfied.
16
They wander up and down to devour, and tarry all night if they have not their fill.
הֵמָּה יְנִיעוּן לֶאֱכֹל. כַּאֲשֶׁר עָשׂוּ הַכְּלָבִים כָּל הַלַּיְלָה אִם אֵינָם שְׂבֵעִים, שֶׁיָּלִינוּ מִתּוֹךְ שָׂבְעָם וְיִישְׁנוּ:
They will roam about to eat as the dogs do all night if they are not sated, so that they can lodge out of satiety, and sleep.
י"ז
וַאֲנִ֤י ׀ אָשִׁ֣יר עֻזֶּךָ֮ וַאֲרַנֵּ֥ן לַבֹּ֗קֶר חַ֫סְדֶּ֥ךָ כִּֽי־הָיִ֣יתָ מִשְׂגָּ֣ב לִ֑י וּ֝מָנ֗וֹס בְּי֣וֹם צַר־לִֽי׃
17
But I will sing of Your strength,
extol each morning Your faithfulness;
for You have been my haven,
a refuge in time of trouble.
17
But as for me, I will sing of Thy strength; yea, I will sing aloud of Thy mercy in the morning; for Thou hast been my high tower, and a refuge in the day of my distress.
וַאֲנִי. כְּשֶׁאֶמָּלֵט מֵהֶם לַבֹּקֶר, אָשִׁיר עֻזֶּךָ:
And I when I escape them, I will sing of Your power in the morning.
י"ח
עֻ֭זִּי אֵלֶ֣יךָ אֲזַמֵּ֑רָה כִּֽי־אֱלֹהִ֥ים מִ֝שְׂגַּבִּ֗י אֱלֹהֵ֥י חַסְדִּֽי׃
18
O my strength, to You I sing hymns;
for God is my haven, my faithful God.
18
O my strength, unto Thee will I sing praises; for God is my high tower, the God of my mercy.
עֻזִּי אֵלֶיךָ. אֵלֶיךָ שֶׁאַתָּה ״עֻזִּי וּמָעוּזִּי״ (ירמיה טז:יט), אֵלֶיךָ אֲזַמֵּרָה:
My strength! To You To You, Who are my strength and my stronghold, to You I will sing.