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Psalms · Chapter 140

תהלים ק"מ

א׳ לַמְנַצֵּ֗חַ מִזְמ֥וֹר לְדָוִֽד׃

1 For the leader. A psalm of David.

1 For the Leader. A Psalm of David.

ב׳ חַלְּצֵ֣נִי יְ֭הוָה מֵאָדָ֣ם רָ֑ע מֵאִ֖ישׁ חֲמָסִ֣ים תִּנְצְרֵֽנִי׃

2 Rescue me, O LORD, from evil men;
save me from the lawless,

2 Deliver me, O LORD, from the evil man; Preserve me from the violent man;

ג׳ אֲשֶׁ֤ר חָשְׁב֣וּ רָע֣וֹת בְּלֵ֑ב כָּל־י֝֗וֹם יָג֥וּרוּ מִלְחָמֽוֹת׃

3 whose minds are full of evil schemes,
who plot war every day.

3 Who devise evil things in their heart; Every day do they stir up wars.

יָגוּרוּ מִלְחָמוֹת. יִהְיוּ מִלְחָמוֹת בִּמְגוּרֵיהֶם וּבְמוֹשְׁבוֹתָם:

every day they gather to wage war There will be wars in their dwellings and in their settlements.

ד׳ שָֽׁנֲנ֣וּ לְשׁוֹנָם֮ כְּֽמוֹ־נָ֫חָ֥שׁ חֲמַ֥ת עַכְשׁ֑וּב תַּ֖חַת שְׂפָתֵ֣ימוֹ סֶֽלָה׃

4 They sharpen their tongues like serpents;
spiders’ poison is on their lips. Selah.

4 They have sharpened their tongue like a serpent; Vipers' venom is under their lips. Selah

חֲמַת עַכְשׁוּב. חֲמַת – לְשׁוֹן אֶרֶס, כְּמוֹ ״חֲמַת תַּנִּינִים יֵינָם״ (דברים לב:לג). שֶׁאִם תְּפָרְשֵׁהוּ לְשׁוֹן ׳אַף׳, וְכִי לְשׁוֹן ׳אַף׳ נוֹפֵל אֵצֶל ׳יַיִן׳? אֶלָּא לְשׁוֹן ׳אֶרֶס׳, וִיצוֹ״שׁ בְּלַעַ״ז; וְכֵן נוֹפֵל כָּאן לְשׁוֹן ׳אֶרֶס׳ תַּחַת הַ׳שָּׂפָה׳:

the venom of a spider Heb. חמתעכשוב. חמת is an expression of venom, as (Deut. 32:33): “the venom of (חמת) dragons is their wine,” for if you interpret it as an expression of wrath, does an expression of wrath fit with wine? Rather, it is an expression of venom, venimos in Old French. Similarly, here the term venom relates to “under the lips.”

עַכְשׁוּב. עַכָּבִישׁ, אִירֵיינָ״א בְּלַעַ״ז:

a spider Heb. עכשוב, a spider, araignee in French.

ה׳ שָׁמְרֵ֤נִי יְהוָ֨ה ׀ מִ֘ידֵ֤י רָשָׁ֗ע מֵאִ֣ישׁ חֲמָסִ֣ים תִּנְצְרֵ֑נִי אֲשֶׁ֥ר חָ֝שְׁב֗וּ לִדְח֥וֹת פְּעָמָֽי׃

5 O LORD, keep me out of the clutches of the wicked;
save me from lawless men
who scheme to make me fall.

5 Keep me, O LORD, from the hands of the wicked; Preserve me from the violent man; Who have purposed to make my steps slip.

ו׳ טָֽמְנֽוּ־גֵאִ֨ים ׀ פַּ֡ח לִ֗י וַחֲבָלִ֗ים פָּ֣רְשׂוּ רֶ֭שֶׁת לְיַד־מַעְגָּ֑ל מֹקְשִׁ֖ים שָֽׁתוּ־לִ֣י סֶֽלָה׃

6 Arrogant men laid traps with ropes for me;
they spread out a net along the way;
they set snares for me. Selah.

6 The proud have hid a snare for me, and cords; They have spread a net by the wayside; They have set gins for me. Selah

וַחֲבָלִים פָּרְשׂוּ רֶשֶׁת. דֶּרֶךְ הָרֶשֶׁת לִקְשֹׁר חֶבֶל אָרֹךְ בְּרֹאשָׁהּ, וְהַצַּיָּד, כְּשֶׁרוֹאֶה אֶת הָעוֹפוֹת שׁוֹכְנִים תַּחַת הָרֶשֶׁת, מוֹשֵׁךְ הַחֶבֶל, וְהָרֶשֶׁת נוֹפֵל עַל הָעוֹפוֹת:

and [with] ropes they spread a net It is customary to tie a long rope to the end of a net, and when the hunter sees the birds resting under the net, he draws the rope, and the net falls on the birds.

לְיַד מַעְגָּל. אֵצֶל נְתִיבָתִי וּפְעָמַי:

beside [my] path Beside my paths and my steps.

לְיַד. אֵצֶל, כְּמוֹ ״רְאוּ חֶלְקַת יוֹאָב אֶל יָדִי״ (שמואל ב יד:ל):

beside Heb. ליד, like (II Sam. 14:30): “See, Joab’s field is near mine (ידי).”

ז׳ אָמַ֣רְתִּי לַ֭יהוָה אֵ֣לִי אָ֑תָּה הַאֲזִ֥ינָה יְ֝הוָ֗ה ק֣וֹל תַּחֲנוּנָֽי׃

7 I said to the LORD: You are my God;
give ear, O LORD, to my pleas for mercy.

7 I have said unto the LORD: 'Thou art my God'; Give ear, O LORD, unto the voice of my supplications.

ח׳ יְהֹוִ֣ה אֲ֭דֹנָי עֹ֣ז יְשׁוּעָתִ֑י סַכֹּ֥תָה לְ֝רֹאשִׁ֗י בְּי֣וֹם נָֽשֶׁק׃

8 O GOD, my Lord, the strength of my deliverance,
You protected my head on the day of battle.

8 O GOD the Lord, the strength of my salvation, Who hast screened my head in the day of battle,

ט׳ אַל־תִּתֵּ֣ן יְ֭הוָה מַאֲוַיֵּ֣י רָשָׁ֑ע זְמָמ֥וֹ אַל־תָּ֝פֵ֗ק יָר֥וּמוּ סֶֽלָה׃

9 O LORD, do not grant the desires of the wicked;
do not let their plan succeed,
else they be exalted. Selah.

9 Grant not, O LORD, the desires of the wicked; Further not his evil device, so that they exalt themselves. Selah

מַאֲוַיֵּי רָשָׁע. עֲמָלֵק הָרָשָׁע (מגילה ו.):

the desires of the wicked The wicked Esau.

זְמָמוֹ אַל תָּפֵק. מַחֲשַׁבְתּוֹ אַל תַּצְלִיחַ:

יָרוּמוּ סֶּלָה. כִּי יִתְגָּאוּ סֶלָה. וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ פֵּרְשׁוּ (בראשית רבה עה:ט): זְמָמוֹ לְשׁוֹן רֶסֶן הַזּוֹמֵם אֶת פִּי הַגָּמָל, וּלְשׁוֹן מִשְׁנָה הוּא (שבת ה.):

for they are constantly haughty Heb. ירומו סלה, because they are arrogant always. Our Rabbis, however (Gen. Rabbah 75:9) explained זממוֹ as an expression of a bit that muzzles the camel, and it is a mishnaic expression.

אַל תָּפֵק. אַל תּוֹצִיא מִלְּחָיָיו:

do not take out Heb. אל תפק, Do not take it out of his jaws.

י׳ רֹ֥אשׁ מְסִבָּ֑י עֲמַ֖ל שְׂפָתֵ֣ימוֹ יכסומו [יְכַסֵּֽמוֹ׃]

10 May the heads of those who beset me
be covered with the mischief of their lips.

10 As for the head of those that compass me about, Let the mischief of their own lips cover them.

רֹאשׁ מְסִבָּי. חֲבוּרַת חֶשְׁבּוֹן גְּדוּדֵי עֵשָׂו הָאוֹמְרִים לְהָסֵב אוֹתִי מֵעָלֶיךָ, עֲמַל שְׂפָתֵיהֶם יְכַסֵּם (מצאתי):

The numbers of those who surround me Armies of the number of the troops of Esau who plan to surround me, may the lies of their lips cover them. (I found.)

י"א ימיטו [יִמּ֥וֹטוּ] עֲלֵיהֶ֗ם גֶּֽחָ֫לִ֥ים בָּאֵ֥שׁ יַפִּלֵ֑ם בְּ֝מַהֲמֹר֗וֹת בַּֽל־יָקֽוּמוּ׃

11 may coals of fire drop down upon them,
and they be cast into pits, never to rise again.

11 Let burning coals fall upon them; Let them be cast into the fire, Into deep pits, that they rise not up again.

יִמּוֹטוּ. יִהְיוּ מוּטִים הַגֶּחָלִים עֲלֵיהֶם, יִשְׁכְּבוּ בָּהֶם עַד שֶׁיִּתְמוֹטְטוּ וְיִכְבּוּ מֵאֲלֵיהֶם. נִמְצָא הַגּוּף כָּלֶה וְאָבֵד:

descend May the coals descend on them. Let them lie upon them until they sink and become extinguished by themselves. The body will thus disintegrate and disappear.

בָּאֵשׁ יַפִּילֵם. הַמַּפִּיל וְנוֹקֵם גֶּחָלִים שֶׁל גֵּיהִנֹּם (בראשית רבה כ:א) בְּמַהֲמוֹרוֹת יַפִּילֵם לְבַל יָקוּמוּ עוֹד:

He will cast them into fire He Who casts and avenges [will cast them] into the fire of Gehinnom. in wars He will cast them so that they will no longer rise.

בְּמַהֲמוֹרוֹת. בְּמִלְחָמוֹת וְתָגָר, לְשׁוֹן ״מַמְרִים הֱיִיתֶם״ (דברים ט:כד):

in wars Heb. במהמרות, in wars and strife, an expression of (Deut. 9: 4): “You have been rebellious (ממרים).”

י"ב אִ֥ישׁ לָשׁוֹן֮ בַּל־יִכּ֪וֹן בָּ֫אָ֥רֶץ אִישׁ־חָמָ֥ס רָ֑ע יְ֝צוּדֶ֗נּוּ לְמַדְחֵפֹֽת׃

12 Let slanderers have no place in the land;
let the evil of the lawless man drive him into corrals.

12 A slanderer shall not be established in the earth; The violent and evil man shall be hunted with thrust upon thrust.

אִישׁ לָשׁוֹן. עֵשָׂו, כִּי צַיִד בְּפִיו (בראשית כה:כח) – צָד אֶת אָבִיו בְּפִיו (בראשית רבה סג:י):

A slanderer Esau, who would trap with his mouth.

יְצוּדֶנּוּ. הָרַע שֶׁהוּא עוֹשֶׂה הוּא יְצוּדֶנּוּ:

will trap him The evil that he does will trap him.

י"ג ידעת [יָדַ֗עְתִּי] כִּֽי־יַעֲשֶׂ֣ה יְ֭הוָה דִּ֣ין עָנִ֑י מִ֝שְׁפַּ֗ט אֶבְיֹנִֽים׃

13 I know that the LORD will champion
the cause of the poor, the right of the needy.

13 I know that the LORD will maintain the cause of the poor, And the right of the needy.

יָדַעְתִּי כִּי. סוֹף הַדְּבָרִים יַעֲשֶׂה ה׳ דִּין עָנִי וְיִנְקֹם נִקְמַת עֲבָדָיו:

I know that ultimately the Lord will perform the judgment of a poor man, and He will avenge the vengeance of His servants.

י"ד אַ֣ךְ צַ֭דִּיקִים יוֹד֣וּ לִשְׁמֶ֑ךָ יֵשְׁב֥וּ יְ֝שָׁרִ֗ים אֶת־פָּנֶֽיךָ׃

14 Righteous men shall surely praise Your name;
the upright shall dwell in Your presence.

14 Surely the righteous shall give thanks unto Thy name; The upright shall dwell in Thy presence.

אַךְ. יְמַהֵר וְיַעֲשֶׂה, כְּדֵי שֶׁיּוֹדוּ צַדִּיקִים לִשְׁמוֹ:

But May he hasten and do it so that the righteous will thank His name.

Psalms · Chapter 140

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