א׳
לַמְנַצֵּ֥חַ לְדָוִ֗ד מִזְמ֥וֹר שִֽׁיר׃
1
For the leader. Of David. A psalm. A song.
1
For the Leader. A Psalm of David, a Song.
ב׳
יָק֣וּם אֱ֭לֹהִים יָפ֣וּצוּ אוֹיְבָ֑יו וְיָנ֥וּסוּ מְ֝שַׂנְאָ֗יו מִפָּנָֽיו׃
2
God will arise,
His enemies shall be scattered,
His foes shall flee before Him.
2
Let God arise, let His enemies be scattered; And let them that hate Him flee before Him.
יָקוּם אֱלֹהִים יָפוּצוּ אוֹיְבָיו. עֲמָלֵק וְכַיּוֹצֵא בּוֹ (בראשית רבה סה,יח):
May God rise; His enemies scatter Amalek and his ilk.
ג׳
כְּהִנְדֹּ֥ף עָשָׁ֗ן תִּ֫נְדֹּ֥ף כְּהִמֵּ֣ס דּ֭וֹנַג מִפְּנֵי־אֵ֑שׁ יֹאבְד֥וּ רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים מִפְּנֵ֥י אֱלֹהִֽים׃
3
Disperse them as smoke is dispersed;
as wax melts at fire,
so the wicked shall perish before God.
3
As smoke is driven away, so drive them away; As wax melteth before the fire, So let the wicked perish at the presence of God.
כְּהִנְדֹּף. כְּהִתְנַדֵּף; כַּאֲשֶׁר יִתְנַדֵּף הֶעָשָׁן, כֵּן תִּנְדְּפֵם:
As smoke is driven away as it is driven away. As the smoke is driven away so will You drive [them] away.
מִפְּנֵי אֱלֹהִים. מִפְּנֵי הָאָרוֹן בִּימֵי מֹשֶׁה, ״וּבְנֻחֹה יֹאמַר שׁוּבָה ה׳ וְגוֹ׳״ (במדבר י:לו):
from before God From before the Ark in the days of Moses. (And it came to pass when the Ark traveled, that Moses said, “Arise, O Lord, and Your enemies will scatter.”Shem Ephraim) And when it rested, he would say, “Return, O Lord, etc.”
ד׳
וְֽצַדִּיקִ֗ים יִשְׂמְח֣וּ יַֽ֭עַלְצוּ לִפְנֵ֥י אֱלֹהִ֗ים וְיָשִׂ֥ישׂוּ בְשִׂמְחָֽה׃
4
But the righteous shall rejoice;
they shall exult in the presence of God;
they shall be exceedingly joyful.
4
But let the righteous be glad, let them exult before God; Yea, let them rejoice with gladness.
וְיָשִׂישׂוּ בְשִׂמְחָה. וְזֶהוּ הַמָּשׂוֹשׂ, וְכֵן יֹאמְרוּ: שִׁירוּ לֵאלֹהִים וְגוֹ׳:
and they will delight with joy And this is the joy, and so will they say, “Sing to God, etc.”
ה׳
שִׁ֤ירוּ ׀ לֵֽאלֹהִים֮ זַמְּר֪וּ שְׁ֫מ֥וֹ סֹ֡לּוּ לָרֹכֵ֣ב בָּ֭עֲרָבוֹת בְּיָ֥הּ שְׁמ֗וֹ וְעִלְז֥וּ לְפָנָֽיו׃
5
Sing to God, chant hymns to His name;
extol Him who rides the clouds;
the LORD is His name.
Exult in His presence—
5
Sing unto God, sing praises to His name; Extol Him that rideth upon the skies, whose name is the LORD; And exult ye before Him.
סֹלּוּ. לְשׁוֹן שֶׁבַח, וְכֵן ״לֹא תְסֻלֶּה בְּכֶתֶם״ (איוב כח:טז), ״הַמְסֻלָּאִים בַּפָּז״ (איכה ד:ב):
praise Heb. סולו, an expression of praise. Similarly (Job 28:16): “It cannot be praised (תסלה) with the jewelry of Ophir”; (Lam. 4:2), “worth their weight (המסלאים) in fine gold.”
בְּיָהּ שְׁמוֹ. בְּשֵׁם יָ״הּ, שֶׁהוּא לְשׁוֹן יִרְאָה, כְּדִמְתַרְגְּמִינָן: ״דְּחִילָא״ ״עָזִּי וְזִמְרָת יָהּ״ (תהלים קיח:יד), וְכֵן ״כִּי יָד עַל כֵּס יָהּ״ (שמות יז:טז) בְּתַרְגּוּם, וְכֵן ״כִּי בְיָהּ ה׳״ (ישעיה כו:ד) ״אֲרֵי בְּכֵן תִּתְפָּרְקוּן בְּמֵימְרָא דְּחִילָא ה׳ וְתַקִּיף עָלְמָא״. אוֹמֵר הַמְשׁוֹרֵר: שַׁבְּחוּ לְפָנָיו וְגוּרוּ מִפָּנָיו וְעִלְזוּ, וְזֶהוּ דֻּגְמַת הָאָמוּר בְּמָקוֹם אַחֵר ״וְגִילוּ בִּרְעָדָה״ (תהלים ב:יא):
by His name Yah By the name י-ה, which is an expression of fear, as we translate it דחילא, fear (below 118:14): “My might and my praise is the fear of the Lord (י-ה).” Likewise (Exod. 17:16): “For a hand is on the throne of the Lord (י-ה),” in the Targum: [And he said, “This is stated with an oath from below the fear of the Shechinah on the throne of His glory, etc.] Similarly (Isa. 26:4): “for in Yah the Lord,” is paraphrased by the Targum: for then You will be redeemed by the word of the fear of the Lord, the Strongest of the world.” The Psalmist says, “Praise Him, fear Him, and rejoice.” This resembles what is said elsewhere (above 2:11): “and rejoice with quaking.”
ו׳
אֲבִ֣י יְ֭תוֹמִים וְדַיַּ֣ן אַלְמָנ֑וֹת אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים בִּמְע֥וֹן קָדְשֽׁוֹ׃
6
the father of orphans, the champion of widows,
God, in His holy habitation.
6
A father of the fatherless, and a judge of the widows, Is God in His holy habitation.
אֲבִי יְתוֹמִים. זֶהוּ הַשֶּׁבַח שֶׁתְּשַׁבְּחוּ לְפָנָיו, כָּל הָעִנְיָן עַד סוֹף כָּל הַמִּזְמוֹר:
O Father of orphans And this is the praise that You shall praise before Him: the entire matter until the end of the psalm.
אֲבִי יְתוֹמִים. שֶׁנַּעֲשָׂה אָב לְיִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁהֵם יְתוֹמִים, כְּמוֹ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״יְתוֹמִים הָיִינוּ וְאֵין אָב״ (איכה ה:ג):
Father of orphans Who became a father to Israel, who are orphans, as it is said (Lam. 5:3): “We were orphans without a father.”
וְדַיַּן אַלְמָנוֹת. שֶׁעָשָׂה מִשְׁפָּטָהּ שֶׁל יְרוּשָׁלַיִם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בָּהּ ״הָיְתָה כְּאַלְמָנָה״ (איכה א:א):
and Judge of widows Who performed the judgment of Jerusalem, concerning which it says (Lam. 1:1): “was like a widow.”
ז׳
אֱלֹהִ֤ים ׀ מ֘וֹשִׁ֤יב יְחִידִ֨ים ׀ בַּ֗יְתָה מוֹצִ֣יא אֲ֭סִירִים בַּכּוֹשָׁר֑וֹת אַ֥ךְ ס֝וֹרֲרִ֗ים שָׁכְנ֥וּ צְחִיחָֽה׃
7
God restores the lonely to their homes,
sets free the imprisoned, safe and sound,
while the rebellious must live in a parched land.
7
God maketh the solitary to dwell in a house; He bringeth out the prisoners into prosperity; The rebellious dwell but in a parched land.
מוֹשִׁיב יְחִידִים בַּיְתָה. יִשְׂרָאֵל, שֶׁהָיוּ מְפֻזָּרִין, כִּנְּסָם יַחַד אִישׁ אִישׁ מִנִּדְחוֹ וְהוֹשִׁיבָם בַּיִת שָׁלֵם וּכְנֵסִיָּה שְׁלֵימָה (איכה רבה פתיחתא כט):
settles the solitary in a house Israel, who were spread out. He gathered together each one from the place where he was lost and settled them in a complete household and a complete nation.
מוֹצִיא אֲסִירִים בַּכּוֹשָׁרוֹת. הוֹצִיא אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל מִמִּצְרַיִם בְּחֹדֶשׁ שֶׁהוּא כָּשֵׁר לְהוֹלְכֵי דְרָכִים, לֹא חַמָּה וְלֹא צִנָּה (ספרי דברים קכד):
He takes the prisoners out at the most opportune time He took Israel out of Egypt in the month that is best suited for travelers, neither hot nor cold.
אַךְ סוֹרְרִים. מִצְרַיִם:
but the rebellious The Egyptians.
שָׁכְנוּ צְחִיחָה. וְנִשְׁאֲרָה אַרְצָם צִיָּה וּצְמֵאָה (מצאתי):
dwell in an arid land Their land remained arid and thirsty. I found [this].
ח׳
אֱֽלֹהִ֗ים בְּ֭צֵאתְךָ לִפְנֵ֣י עַמֶּ֑ךָ בְּצַעְדְּךָ֖ בִֽישִׁימ֣וֹן סֶֽלָה׃
8
O God, when You went at the head of Your army,
when You marched through the desert, selah
8
O God, when Thou wentest forth before Thy people, When Thou didst march through the wilderness; Selah
בְּצַעְדְּךָ. כְּשֶׁצָּעַדְתָּ בְּצַעַדְךָ, בְּצַעַד שֶׁלְּךָ:
when You marched When You stepped with your step.
סֶלָה. שָׁם הֶרְאֵיתַנִי זֶה דַּרְכְּךָ לְעוֹלָם: לְכָל צָרָה – גְּאֻלָּה:
forever There You showed me that this is Your way forever: for every distress, redemption.
ט׳
אֶ֤רֶץ רָעָ֨שָׁה ׀ אַף־שָׁמַ֣יִם נָטְפוּ֮ מִפְּנֵ֪י אֱלֹ֫הִ֥ים זֶ֥ה סִינַ֑י מִפְּנֵ֥י אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
9
the earth trembled, the sky rained because of God,
yon Sinai, because of God, the God of Israel.
9
The earth trembled, the heavens also dropped at the presence of God; Even yon Sinai trembled at the presence of God, the God of Israel.
זֶה סִינַי. גַּם הוּא רָעַשׁ מִפְּנֵי ה׳ אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל:
this is Sinai That too quaked because of the Lord God of Israel.
י׳
גֶּ֣שֶׁם נְ֭דָבוֹת תָּנִ֣יף אֱלֹהִ֑ים נַחֲלָתְךָ֥ וְ֝נִלְאָ֗ה אַתָּ֥ה כֽוֹנַנְתָּֽהּ׃
10
You released a bountiful rain, O God;
when Your own land languished, You sustained it.
10
A bounteous rain didst Thou pour down, O God; When Thine inheritance was weary, Thou didst confirm it.
גֶּשֶׁם נְדָבוֹת תָּנִיף. עוֹד זֹאת עָשִׂיתָ לָנוּ: אִם הֻצְרַכְנוּ לִגְשָׁמִים, הֲנִיפוֹתָ וְהִטַּלְתָּ עָלֵינוּ תָּמִיד גִּשְׁמֵי נְדָבָה וּבְרָכָה:
Generous rain You poured down This too You did for us: if we needed rain, You lifted them and poured upon us constantly rains of generosity and blessing.
נַחֲלָתְךָ וְנִלְאָה אַתָּה כוֹנַנְתָּהּ. כְּשֶׁהָיְתָה נַחֲלַת אַרְצְךָ נִלְאָה וּצְמֵאָה לְמָטָר, אַתָּה כוֹנַנְתָּ אוֹתָהּ. (מצאתי) נַחֲלָתְךָ וְנִלְאָה הַקְּרוּיָה נַחֲלָתְךָ וְהִיא נִלְאָה, כְּלוֹמַר: פְּעָמִים שֶׁהִיא כָּךְ:
Your heritage, which was weary, You established When the heritage of Your land was weary and thirsty for rain, You established it [Your heritage]. I found: Your heritage which was weary Which is called your heritage, and which is weary; i.e., sometimes it is so.
י"א
חַיָּתְךָ֥ יָֽשְׁבוּ־בָ֑הּ תָּ֤כִ֥ין בְּטוֹבָתְךָ֖ לֶעָנִ֣י אֱלֹהִֽים׃
11
Your tribe dwells there;
O God, in Your goodness You provide for the needy.
11
Thy flock settled therein; Thou didst prepare in Thy goodness for the poor, O God.
חַיָּתְךָ יָשְׁבוּ בָהּ. עֲדָתְךָ יָשְׁבוּ בָהּ, כְּמוֹ ״וַיֵּאָסְפוּ פְלִשְׁתִּים אֶת מַחֲנֵיהֶם לַחַיָּה״ (שמואל ב כג:יא). דָּבָר אַחֵר: חַיָּתְךָ, כְּנֶסֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל קְרוּיָה בְּהֶמְתּוֹ וְחַיָּתוֹ שֶׁל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא:
Your congregation dwelt therein Heb. (חיתך). Your congregation has dwelt therein, as (II Sam. 23:11): “and the Philistines gathered together their camp (sic) into a troop (לחיה).” Another explanation: The congregation of Israel is known as the animal and the beast of the Holy One, blessed be He.
תָּכִין בְּטוֹבָתְךָ. כְּשֶׁיָּצְאוּ מִמִּצְרַיִם הֲסִבּוֹתָם בַּמִּדְבָּר אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה, לְפִי שֶׁעָמְדוּ כְּנַעֲנִיִּים וְגָדְעוּ אֶת הָאִילָנוֹת; וּבְתוֹךְ כָּךְ שֶׁעִכְּבוּ בַמִּדְבָּר, עָמְדוּ וְתִקְּנוּ הַכֹּל (מכילתא בשלח ויהי פתיחתא):
You prepare with your goodness When they left Egypt, You led them around in the desert for forty years because the Canaanites rose and cut down the trees. During the interim, when they tarried in the desert, they rose and rectified it all.
י"ב
אֲדֹנָ֥י יִתֶּן־אֹ֑מֶר הַֽ֝מְבַשְּׂר֗וֹת צָבָ֥א רָֽב׃
12
The Lord gives a command;
the women who bring the news are a great host:
12
The Lord giveth the word; The women that proclaim the tidings are a great host.
אֲדֹנָי יִתֶּן אֹמֶר הַמְבַשְּׂרוֹת וְגוֹ׳. אֹמֶר מַאֲמָר; עוֹד הוּא יִשְׁאַג בְּקוֹל לְהַשְׁמִיעַ צִבְאוֹת הַגּוֹיִם הָרַבִּים, וּמַהוּ הָאֹמֶר?
The Lord will give out a word; they will announce it to a great multitude Heb. אמר, [like] מאמר, statement. He will yet roar with [His] voice to allow the hosts of the great nations to hear it. Now what is the word?
י"ג
מַלְכֵ֣י צְ֭בָאוֹת יִדֹּד֣וּן יִדֹּד֑וּן וּנְוַת בַּ֝֗יִת תְּחַלֵּ֥ק שָׁלָֽל׃
13
“The kings and their armies are in headlong flight;
housewives are sharing in the spoils;
13
Kings of armies flee, they flee; And she that tarrieth at home divideth the spoil.
מַלְכֵי צְבָאוֹת הַגּוֹיִם יִדֹּדוּן יִדֹּדוּן. יִתְנַדּוּ וְיֻשְׁלְכוּ מִתּוֹךְ אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל, וּכְנֶסֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁהִיא נְוַת בַּיִת תְּחַלֵּק אֶת שְׁלָלָם, כְּמוֹ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״וְהָיָה סַחְרָהּ וְאֶתְנַנָּהּ קֹדֶשׁ וְגוֹמֵר״ (ישעיהו כג:יח):
The kings of the hosts of nations will wander, yea they will wander. They will wander and be cast out of the land of Israel, and the congregation of Israel, who is the dweller of the house, will divide their spoils, as it is said (Isa. 23:18): “And her commerce and her hire shall be holy, etc.”
י"ד
אִֽם־תִּשְׁכְּבוּן֮ בֵּ֪ין שְׁפַ֫תָּ֥יִם כַּנְפֵ֣י י֭וֹנָה נֶחְפָּ֣ה בַכֶּ֑סֶף וְ֝אֶבְרוֹתֶ֗יהָ בִּֽירַקְרַ֥ק חָרֽוּץ׃
14
even for those of you who lie among the sheepfolds
there are wings of a dove sheathed in silver,
its pinions in fine gold.”
14
When ye lie among the sheepfolds, The wings of the dove are covered with silver, And her pinions with the shimmer of gold. .
אִם תִּשְׁכְּבוּן בֵּין שְׁפַתָּיִם וְגוֹ׳. כָּל זֶה הָאֹמֶר יֹאמַר לָהֶם: אִם אַתֶּם שְׁכַבְתֶּם בֵּין תְּחוּמֵיכֶם וְהִתְעַנַּגְתֶּם בְּתַעֲנוּגִים, זֹאת יוֹנָתִי, כְּנֵסִיָּתִי, כְּנָפֶיהָ נֶחְפָּה בַכֶּסֶף. וּמַהוּ הַכֶּסֶף וְהֶחָרוּץ? בְּפָרֵשׂ שַׁדַּי וְגוֹ׳ כְּשֶׁפֵּרַשׂ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לִפְנֵיהֶם תּוֹרָתוֹ, אֲשֶׁר הַמְּלָכִים נִשְׁלָגִים וּמִתְלַבְּנִים בָּהּ בְּאֶרֶץ צַלְמָוֶת וְחֹשֶׁךְ, אָז נֶחְפּוּ כְנָפֶיהָ (כַּנְפֵי יוֹנָָָָה) בְּכַסְפָּהּ וְחֶמְדָּתָהּ שֶׁל תּוֹרָה וּמִצְווֹת. כַּנְפֵי יוֹנָה. פְּלוּמָ״א בְּלַעַ״ז:
If you lie between the borders, etc. All this is the word. He says to them, “If you had lain between your borders and had enjoyed pleasures, this My dove, My congregation, whose feathers are covered with silver.” Now what is the silver, and what is the gold? (15) When the Almighty spreads out, etc. When the Holy One, blessed be He, explained His Torah, with which the kings are “snowed and whitened” in a land of the Shadow of Death and darkness then its feathers (dove’s feathers) were covered with the desire and yearning for the Torah and [its] Commandments. the feathers of a dove Plumes in French.
וְאֶבְרוֹתֶיהָ. כְּנָפֶיהָ שֶׁעוֹפֶפֶת בָּהֶן:
and its pinions Its wings, with which it flies.
בִּירַקְרַק חָרוּץ. פָּתַר דּוּנָשׁ בֶּן לַבְרַט: הֶחָרוּץ הוּא זָהָב, וְלָכָךְ נְתָנוֹ הַמְשׁוֹרֵר אֵצֶל הַכֶּסֶף, וִירַקְרַק הֶחָרוּץ הוּא הַזָּהָב אֲשֶׁר יוּבָא מֵאֶרֶץ הַחֲוִילָה וּמֵאֶרֶץ כּוּשׁ, זָהָב טוֹב מְאֹד מְאֹד (בראשית ב:יא-יג; איוב כח:יט). לֹא הוּא יָרוֹק וְלֹא הוּא אָדוֹם, וְלָכָךְ קְרָאוֹ יְרַקְרַק; כְּמוֹ ״לָבָן אֲדַמְדָּם״ (ויקרא יג:מב) – שֶׁאֵינוֹ לֹא לָבָן וְלֹא אָדוֹם. לְכָךְ נִכְפַּל: יְרַקְרַק, אֲדַמְדָּם:
with brilliant gold Heb. בירקרק חרוץ. Dunash the son of Labrat interpreted חרוּץ as gold. Therefore, the Psalmist juxtaposed it to silver, and ירקרק חרוץ is the gold brought from the land of Havilah and from the land of Cush; very good gold, neither yellow nor red. Therefore, it is called ירקרק, as (Lev. 13:42): “reddish white (לבן אדמדם),” which is neither white nor red. Therefore, it is doubled: אדמדם, ירקרק.
ט"ו
בְּפָ֘רֵ֤שׂ שַׁדַּ֓י מְלָ֘כִ֤ים בָּ֗הּ תַּשְׁלֵ֥ג בְּצַלְמֽוֹן׃
15
When Shaddai scattered the kings,
it seemed like a snowstorm in Zalmon.
15
When the Almighty scattereth kings therein, It snoweth in Zalmon.
בְּפָרֵשׂ. לְשׁוֹן ״וּפָרְשׂוּ אֶת הַשִּׂמְלָה״ (דברים כב:יז), בּוֹרְרִין אֶת הַדָּבָר כְּשִׂמְלָה חֲדָשָׁה (כתובות מו.):
When... spreads out Heb. בפרש, an expression of (Deut. 22:17): “and they will spread out (ופרשו) the garment”; they clarify the matter as a new garment.
מְלָכִים. אֵלּוּ תַּלְמִידֵי חֲכָמִים, כְּמוֹ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: (משלי ח:טו) ״בִּי מְלָכִים יִמְלֹכוּ״:
kings These are the Torah scholars, as it is said (Prov. 8:15): “Kings reign with me.”
ט"ז
הַר־אֱ֭לֹהִים הַר־בָּשָׁ֑ן הַ֥ר גַּ֝בְנֻנִּ֗ים הַר־בָּשָֽׁן׃
16
O majestic mountain, Mount Bashan;
O jagged mountain, Mount Bashan;
16
A mountain of God is the mountain of Bashan; A mountain of peaks is the mountain of Bashan.
הַר אֱלֹהִים הַר בָּשָׁן. וְהֵיכָן פֵּרְשָׁהּ? בְּהַר סִינַי, שֶׁהוּא הַר אֱלֹהִים סָמוּךְ לַבָּשָׁן בְּעֵבֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן:
The mountain of God is the mountain of Bashan And where did He spread it out? On Mt. Sinai, which is the mountain of God and is near Bashan on the eastern side of the Jordan.
הַר גַּבְנֻנִּים. הַר הַמְיֻחָד שֶׁבֶּהָרִים:
the mountain of peaks The special mountain among the mountains.
גַּבְנֻנִּים. לְשׁוֹן הָרִים, עַל שֵׁם גָּבְהָם, כְּמוֹ ״וַתִּבְנִי לָךְ גָּב״ (יחזקאל טז:כד). כָּל דָּבָר גָּבוֹהַּ קָרוּי גַּב:
peaks Heb. גבננים, an expression of mountains, because of their height, as (Ezek. 16:24): “and you built for yourself a platform (גב).” Any high thing is called גַב.
י"ז
לָ֤מָּה ׀ תְּֽרַצְּדוּן֮ הָרִ֪ים גַּבְנֻ֫נִּ֥ים הָהָ֗ר חָמַ֣ד אֱלֹהִ֣ים לְשִׁבְתּ֑וֹ אַף־יְ֝הוָ֗ה יִשְׁכֹּ֥ן לָנֶֽצַח׃
17
why so hostile, O jagged mountains,
toward the mountain God desired as His dwelling?
The LORD shall abide there forever.
17
Why look ye askance, ye mountains of peaks, At the mountain which God hath desired for His abode? Yea, the LORD will dwell therein for ever.
לָמָּה תְּרַצְּדוּן הָרִים גַּבְנֻנִּים. כָּל זֶה מוּסָב עַל ה׳ יִתֵּן אֹמֶר. עוֹד יֹאמַר לָהֶם לָמָּה תְּרַצְּדוּן הָרִים גַּבְנֻנִּים, לָמָּה תְּאָרְבוּן אַתֶּם הַהָרִים גַּבְנֻנִּים הַגְּבוֹהִים לְהַשְׁחִית אֶת הָהָר אֲשֶׁר חָמַד אֱלֹהִים לְשִׁבְתּוֹ לִשְׁרוֹת עָלָיו שְׁכִינָה, הוּא הַר הַבַּיִת? אַף הוּא לָנֶצַח יִשְׁכֹּן שָׁם, קְדֻשָּׁתוֹ קְדֻשַּׁת עוֹלָם. מִשֶּׁנִּבְחַר לְשִׁבְתּוֹ, לֹא שָׁרְתָה שְׁכִינָה בְּמָקוֹם אַחֵר. רָאִיתִי בִּיסוֹדוֹ שֶׁל רַבִּי מֹשֶׁה הַדַּרְשָׁן: רָצַד הוּא מַאֲרָב בִּלְשׁוֹן עֲרָבִי, אֲבָל מְנַחֵם פֵּרֵשׁ תְּרַצְּדוּן כְּמוֹ תְּרַקְּדוּן, אַף אוֹתוֹ לָשׁוֹן נוֹפֵל עַל הַשִּׁיטָה הַזֹּאת:
Why do you lurk, you lofty mountains All this refers back to “The Lord will give out a word.” He says further to them, “Why do you lurk (תרצדון), you lofty mountains?” Why do you lurk, you lofty mountains, to destroy the mountain that God desired for His dwelling, to cause His Shechinah to rest upon it? That is the Temple Mount. Even He will dwell there forever. Its sanctity is a perpetual sanctity. After it was chosen for His dwelling, the Shechinah did not rest elsewhere. I saw in the works of Rabbi Moshe Hadarshan that רצד is “ambush” in Arabic. But Menachem (p. 166) explained תרצדוּן like תרקדוּן, you prance. That expression, too, fits the context.
י"ח
רֶ֤כֶב אֱלֹהִ֗ים רִבֹּתַ֣יִם אַלְפֵ֣י שִׁנְאָ֑ן אֲדֹנָ֥י בָ֝֗ם סִינַ֥י בַּקֹּֽדֶשׁ׃
18
God’s chariots are myriads upon myriads,
thousands upon thousands;
the Lord is among them as in Sinai in holiness.
18
The chariots of God are myriads, even thousands upon thousands; The Lord is among them, as in Sinai, in holiness.
רֶכֶב אֱלֹהִים וְגוֹ׳. עוֹד זֶה מוּסָב עַל ה׳ יִתֵּן אֹמֶר לְהַזְכִּיר חִבַּת עַמּוֹ: אַף כְּשֶׁנִּגְלָה רֶכֶב אֱלֹהִים רִבֹּתַיִם שֶׁל אַלְפַּיִם שִׁנְאָנִים. שְׁנוּנִים, מַלְאָכִים חַדִּים, וַה׳ הָיָה בֵּינֵיהֶם בְּסִינַי בַּקֹּדֶשׁ, אַף שָׁם:
God’s chariot, etc. This too refers back to the “The Lord will give forth a word,” to mention the love of His people. Even when God’s chariot of “twice ten thousand times thousands of” brilliant “sharpened” angels appeared, and the Lord was among them at Sinai with His holiness, there too,
י"ט
עָ֘לִ֤יתָ לַמָּר֨וֹם ׀ שָׁ֘בִ֤יתָ שֶּׁ֗בִי לָקַ֣חְתָּ מַ֭תָּנוֹת בָּאָדָ֑ם וְאַ֥ף ס֝וֹרְרִ֗ים לִשְׁכֹּ֤ן ׀ יָ֬הּ אֱלֹהִֽים׃
19
You went up to the heights, having taken captives,
having received tribute of men,
even of those who rebel
against the LORD God’s abiding there.
19
Thou hast ascended on high, Thou hast led captivity captive; Thou hast received gifts among men, Yea, among the rebellious also, that the LORD God might dwell there.
עָלִיתָ. אַתָּה נָגִיד עַמּוֹ מֹשֶׁה בֶּן עַמְרָם לַמָּרוֹם, שָׁבִיתָ שֶׁבִי אֶת הַתּוֹרָה, וְלָקַחְתָּ מַתָּנוֹת מִן הָעֶלְיוֹנִים וּלְתִתָּם לִבְנֵי אָדָם:
you, the leader of His people, Moses the son of Amram ascended on high and took captives.
וְאַף סוֹרְרִים לִשְׁכֹּן יָהּ אֱלֹהִים. אַף עוֹד גָּרַמְתָּ שֶׁשָּׁכַן הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא בַּמִּשְׁכָּן בְּתוֹךְ עַם שֶׁהָיוּ סוֹרְרִים וּמַמְרִים וּמַקְצִיפִים אוֹתוֹ:
and also rebellious ones for Yah God to dwell Also you brought about that the Holy One, blessed be He, rested in the Tabernacle of the Torah, and you took gifts from the celestial beings to give them to the sons of men, also among a people who were rebellious and were rebelling against Him and provoking Him.
כ׳
בָּ֤ר֣וּךְ אֲדֹנָי֮ י֤וֹם ׀ י֥וֹם יַֽעֲמָס־לָ֗נוּ הָ֘אֵ֤ל יְֽשׁוּעָתֵ֬נוּ סֶֽלָה׃
20
Blessed is the Lord.
Day by day He supports us,
God, our deliverance. Selah.
20
Blessed be the Lord, day by day He beareth our burden, Even the God who is our salvation. Selah
בָּרוּךְ אֲדֹנָי וְגוֹ׳. זֶה מִן הַשִּׁיר הָאָמוּר לְמַעְלָה, שִׁירוּ לֵאלֹהִים:
Blessed is the Lord, etc. This is part of the song mentioned above: “Sing to God.”
יַעֲמָס לָנוּ. יִתֵּן לָנוּ יְשׁוּעָה רַבָּה מִכָּל עֹמֶס כְּכָל אֲשֶׁר נוּכַל שְׂאֵת, (מצאתי יוֹם יוֹם יַעֲמָס לָנוּ כָּל הַיָּמִים כֵּן נוֹהֵג בָּנוּ לְכָל צָרָה יְשׁוּעָה):
lavishes upon us He will give us a great salvation, [greater] than any burden, as much as we can carry. (I found: every day...lavishes upon us He always behaves in this manner to us, that for every distress there is a salvation.)
כ"א
הָ֤אֵ֣ל ׀ לָנוּ֮ אֵ֤ל לְֽמוֹשָׁ֫ע֥וֹת וְלֵיהוִ֥ה אֲדֹנָ֑י לַ֝מָּ֗וֶת תּוֹצָאֽוֹת׃
21
God is for us a God of deliverance;
GOD the Lord provides an escape from death.
21
God is unto us a God of deliverances; And unto GOD the Lord belong the issues of death.
הָאֵל לָנוּ אֵל לְמוֹשָׁעוֹת. אֵל מוֹשִׁיעַ הוּא לָנוּ, וּלְפָנָיו יֵשׁ הַרְבֵּה תּוֹצָאוֹת מִינֵי מָוֶת. תּוֹצָאוֹת דְּרָכִים אֶל הַמָּוֶת, אַךְ לֹא עָלֵינוּ הוּא נוֹתְנָם, אֲבָל יִמְחַץ בָּהֶם רֹאשׁ אוֹיְבָיו:
God is to us the God of salvations God is our Savior, but He has many paths, i.e., kinds of death. תוצאות means, ways to death. However, He does not lay them upon us, but with them He wounds the head of His enemies.
כ"ב
אַךְ־אֱלֹהִ֗ים יִמְחַץ֮ רֹ֤אשׁ אֹ֫יְבָ֥יו קָדְקֹ֥ד שֵׂעָ֑ר מִ֝תְהַלֵּ֗ךְ בַּאֲשָׁמָֽיו׃
22
God will smash the heads of His enemies,
the hairy crown of him who walks about in his guilt.
22
Surely God will smite through the head of His enemies, The hairy scalp of him that goeth about in his guiltiness.
קָדְקֹד שֵׂעָר. קָדְקֳדוֹ שֶׁל עֵשָׂו שֶׁהוּא אִישׁ שָׂעִיר (בראשית כז:יא), הַמִּתְהַלֵּךְ תָּמִיד בַּאֲשָׁמָיו (וְאֵינוֹ חוֹזֵר מֵרָעָתוֹ):
the hairy pate The pate of Esau, who is a “hairy man,” and who always goes with his guilt.
כ"ג
אָמַ֣ר אֲ֭דֹנָי מִבָּשָׁ֣ן אָשִׁ֑יב אָ֝שִׁ֗יב מִֽמְּצֻל֥וֹת יָֽם׃
23
The Lord said, “I will retrieve from Bashan,
I will retrieve from the depths of the sea;
23
The Lord said: 'I will bring back from Bashan, I will bring them back from the depths of the sea;
אָמַר ה׳ מִבָּשָׁן אָשִׁיב. כִּי כֵן הִבְטִיחַ, לְהָשִׁיב אוֹתָנוּ מִתּוֹךְ אַבִּירֵי בָשָׁן וּמֵאִיֵּי הַיָּם (ישעיה יא:יא):
The Lord said, “I shall restore from Bashan” For so He promised to restore us from the mighty ones of Bashan and from the islands of the sea.
כ"ד
לְמַ֤עַן ׀ תִּֽמְחַ֥ץ רַגְלְךָ֗ בְּ֫דָ֥ם לְשׁ֥וֹן כְּלָבֶ֑יךָ מֵאֹיְבִ֥ים מִנֵּֽהוּ׃
24
that your feet may wade through blood;
that the tongue of your dogs may have its portion of your enemies.”
24
That thy foot may wade through blood, That the tongue of thy dogs may have its portion from thine enemies.'
לְמַעַן תִּמְחַץ. רַגְלֵינוּ בְּדָם. כְּשֶׁיִּמְחַץ אֶת רֹאשׁ הָאוֹיֵב, תְּהֵא רַגְלֵינוּ בּוֹקַעַת בְּדָמָם. תִּמְחַץ לְשׁוֹן בּוֹקֵעַ בְּתוֹךְ הַדָּם, כְּמוֹ ״מָחֲצָה וְחָלְפָה רַקָּתוֹ״ (שופטים ה:כו) כְּמוֹ בָּקְעָה. וּלְשׁוֹן מִשְׁנָה הוּא: וְהָיוּ עוֹלֵי רְגָלִים בּוֹקְעִים עַד אַרְכֻּבּוֹתֵיהֶם בְּדָם. דָּבָר אַחֵר: תִּמְחַץ שֵׁם כְּלִי שֶׁשּׁוֹאֲבִין בּוֹ יַיִן מִן הַבּוֹר מַחַץ שְׁמוֹ בְּמַסֶּכֶת עֲבוֹדַת גִּלּוּלִים (עבודה זרה עד:):
In order that your foot may wade through blood When He crushes the head of the enemy, our feet will wade through their blood. תִּמְחַץ is an expression of splitting into the blood, as (Jud. 5: 26): “she split (ומחצה) and penetrated his temple,” like בָּקְעָה, she split. This is Mishnaic Hebrew: “and the pilgrims were wading (בוקעים) up to their knees in blood.” Another explanation: תִּמְחַץ The name of a vessel with which they draw wine from the pit is called מַחַץ, in Tractate Avodah Zarah (72b).
מֵאוֹיְבִים. מִדַּם הָאוֹיְבִים:
from the enemies From the blood of the enemies.
מִנֵּהוּ. תִּהְיֶה פַּרְנָסָתוֹ, כְּדְאָמְרִינַן: מַאי מַשְׁמַע דְּ״מָן״ לִישְׁנָא דִּמְזוֹנֵי הוּא? דִּכְתִיב (דניאל א:י) ״אֲשֶׁר מִנָּה אֶת מַאֲכַלְכֶם וְגוֹמֵר״ (סוכה לט:):
will have its portion Heb. מנהו, its sustenance will be, as we say (Suc. 39b): “How do we know that מן is an expression of food?” For it is written (Dan. 1: 10): “who appointed (מנה) your food, etc.”
כ"ה
רָא֣וּ הֲלִיכוֹתֶ֣יךָ אֱלֹהִ֑ים הֲלִ֘יכ֤וֹת אֵלִ֖י מַלְכִּ֣י בַקֹּֽדֶשׁ׃
25
Men see Your processions, O God,
the processions of my God, my king,
into the sanctuary.
25
They see Thy goings, O God, Even the goings of my God, my King, in holiness.
רָאוּ הֲלִיכוֹתֶיךָ אֱלֹהִים. כְּלוֹמַר: לְאֵלּוּ נָאֶה לְךָ לְהוֹשִׁיעַ, שֶׁכְּשֶׁרָאוּ הֲלִיכוֹתֶיךָ בִּקְדֻשָּׁתְךָ בַּיָּם, קִדְּמוּ שָׁרִים לְשׁוֹרֵר לְפָנֶיךָ שִׁירַת הַיָּם (שמות טו:א), וְאַחֲרֵיהֶם בָּאוּ הַנּוֹגְנִים, אֵלּוּ הַמַּלְאָכִים:
They saw Your ways, O God That is to say, it is fitting that You save these people, for when they saw Your ways in Your sanctity in the sea, singers came first to sing before You the Song of the Sea, and after them came the minstrels—these are the angels.
כ"ו
קִדְּמ֣וּ שָׁ֭רִים אַחַ֣ר נֹגְנִ֑ים בְּת֥וֹךְ עֲ֝לָמ֗וֹת תּוֹפֵפֽוֹת׃
26
First come singers, then musicians,
amidst maidens playing timbrels.
26
The singers go before, the minstrels follow after, In the midst of damsels playing upon timbrels.
בְּתוֹךְ עֲלָמוֹת תּוֹפֵפוֹת. בְּתוֹךְ מִרְיָם וְנַעֲרוֹתֶיהָ אֲשֶׁר לָקְחָה הַתֹּף בְּיָדָהּ (שמות טו:כ) וְאָמְרוּ בְּשִׁבְחָם:
in the midst of maidens playing timbrels With Miriam and her maidens, who took the timbrel in her hand, and they said with their praise...
כ"ז
בְּֽ֭מַקְהֵלוֹת בָּרְכ֣וּ אֱלֹהִ֑ים יְ֝הוָ֗ה מִמְּק֥וֹר יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
27
In assemblies bless God,
the LORD, O you who are from the fountain of Israel.
27
'Bless ye God in full assemblies, Even the Lord, ye that are from the fountain of Israel.'
בְּמַקְהֵלוֹת בָּרְכוּ אֱלֹהִים אֲדֹנָי מִמְּקוֹר יִשְׂרָאֵל. אַף עוּבָּרִים מִמְּעֵי אִמָּן אָמְרוּ שִׁירָה:
In congregations bless God, the Lord, from the womb of Israel Even the fetuses in their mothers’ wombs recited the Song.
כ"ח
שָׁ֤ם בִּנְיָמִ֨ן ׀ צָעִ֡יר רֹדֵ֗ם שָׂרֵ֣י יְ֭הוּדָה רִגְמָתָ֑ם שָׂרֵ֥י זְ֝בֻל֗וּן שָׂרֵ֥י נַפְתָּלִֽי׃
28
There is little Benjamin who rules them,
the princes of Judah who command them,
the princes of Zebulun and Naphtali.
28
There is Benjamin, the youngest, ruling them, The princes of Judah their council, The princes of Zebulun, the princes of Naphtali.
שָׁם בִּנְיָמִין. הַצָּעִיר נַעֲשָׂה רוֹדֶה עֲלֵיהֶם:
There Benjamin the youngest became the ruler over them.
רֹדֵם. כְּמוֹ רוֹדָם בְּקָמָ״ץ, מִשָּׁם זָכָה לִהְיוֹת מֶלֶךְ, לְפִי שֶׁיָּרַד תְּחִלָּה לַיָּם. וְכֵן אָמַר לוֹ שְׁמוּאֵל לְשָׁאוּל: ״הֲלוֹא אִם קָטֹן אַתָּה בְּעֵינֶיךָ רֹאשׁ שִׁבְטֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אָתָּה״ (שמואל א טו:יז), וְתִרְגְּמוֹ יוֹנָתָן: ״שִׁבְטָא דְבִנְיָמִין עֲבַר בְּיַמָּא בְּרֵישׁ כָּל שְׁאָר שִׁבְטַיָּא״:
rules over them Heb. רֹדֵם, like רֹדָם, with a “kamatz.” From there, he merited to become king because he descended first into the sea, and so did Samuel say to Saul (I Sam. 15:17): “Even if you are small in your own eyes, are you not the head of the tribes of Israel?” which Jonathan paraphrases: The tribe of Benjamin crossed the sea at the head of all the other tribes.
שָׂרֵי יְהוּדָה רִגְמָתָם. מִתְקַנְּאִים בָּהֶם וְזוֹרְקִין בָּהֶם אֲבָנִים, וְכֵן שָׂרֵי זְבוּלוּן וְנַפְתָּלִי. וְכֵן אָמַר לוֹ: צִוָּה אֱלֹהֶיךָ עֻזֶּךָ (ס״א אינו). דָּבָר אַחֵר: (רִגְמָתָם – רִקְמָתָם, לְבוּשָׁן בִּגְדֵי וְכוּ׳) רִקְמָתָם לְשׁוֹן אַרְגָּמָן, כָּךְ חִבְּרוֹ מְנַחֵם:
the princes of Judah pelt them with stones They envy them and throw stones at them, and so do the princes of Zebulun and the princes of Naftali. So, he says to him, “Your God has commanded your strength.” Another explanation: רִגְמָתָם is the equivalent of רִקְמָתָם, their embroidery, their embroidered garments, an expression of purple (ארגמן). In this way Menachem associated it (p. 161).
כ"ט
צִוָּ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֗יךָ עֻ֫זֶּ֥ךָ עוּזָּ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֑ים ז֝֗וּ פָּעַ֥לְתָּ לָּֽנוּ׃
29
Your God has ordained strength for you,
the strength, O God,
which You displayed for us
29
Thy God hath commanded thy strength; Be strong, O God, Thou that hast wrought for us
עוּזָּה אֱלֹהִים וְגוֹ׳. עַכְשָׁיו חוֹזֵר הַמְשׁוֹרֵר לִתְפִלָּתוֹ שֶׁהִתְפַּלֵּל יָקוּם אֱלֹהִים וְיָפוּצוּ אוֹיְבָיו :עוּזָּה אֱלֹהִים וְהִתְגַּבֵּר, אֲשֶׁר כָּל אֵלֶּה פָּעַלְתָּ לָּנוּ:
show this strength, O God, etc. Now the Psalmist returns to his prayer that he prayed, “Let God rise, and let His enemies scatter.” Show Your strength, O God, and strengthen Yourself, for You have wrought all these for us.
ל׳
מֵֽ֭הֵיכָלֶךָ עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם לְךָ֤ יוֹבִ֖ילוּ מְלָכִ֣ים שָֽׁי׃
30
from Your temple above Jerusalem.
The kings bring You tribute.
30
Out of Thy temple at Jerusalem, Whither kings shall bring presents unto Thee.
מֵהֵיכָלֶךָ עַל יְרוּשָׁלִָם. וּמִמַּה שֶּׁיִּרְאוּ הַמְּלָכִים כְּבוֹד הֵיכָלְךָ אֲשֶׁר עַל יְרוּשָׁלַיִם, יוֹבִילוּ לְךָ דּוֹרוֹן וְשָׁי:
From Your Temple, which is over Jerusalem, etc. And since the kings will see the glory of Your temple, which is over Jerusalem, they will bring You a gift and a tribute.
ל"א
גְּעַ֨ר חַיַּ֪ת קָנֶ֡ה עֲדַ֤ת אַבִּירִ֨ים ׀ בְּעֶגְלֵ֬י עַמִּ֗ים מִתְרַפֵּ֥ס בְּרַצֵּי־כָ֑סֶף בִּזַּ֥ר עַ֝מִּ֗ים קְרָב֥וֹת יֶחְפָּֽצוּ׃
31
Blast the beast of the marsh,
the herd of bulls among the peoples, the calves,
till they come cringing with pieces of silver.
Scatter the peoples who delight in wars!
31
Rebuke the wild beast of the reeds, The multitude of the bulls, with the calves of the peoples, Every one submitting himself with pieces of silver; He hath scattered the peoples that delight in war!
גְּעַר חַיַּת קָנֶה. זֶה עֲמָלֵק שֶׁנִּמְשַׁל כְּחַיַּת יַעַר הַדָּר בֵּין הַקָּנִים (תהלים פ:יד):
Rebuke the people of the forest This is Ishmael [Esau], who is compared to the “boar from the forest,” which dwells among the reeds (below 80:14).
עֲדַת אַבִּירִים בְּעֶגְלֵי עַמִּים. עַם שֶׁשָּׁמְנוּ וְעָשְׁתוּ כְּפָרִים אַבִּירִים בְּתוֹךְ שְׁאָר הָאֻמּוֹת, שֶׁאֵינָם אֶלָּא כַּעֲגָלִים לְנֶגְדָּם:
the congregation of mighty bulls, among peoples like calves A people that has become fat and thick like mighty bulls among the other nations, which are merely like calves as compared to them.
מִתְרַפֵּס בְּרַצֵּי כָסֶף. אֵינָם מִתְרַצִּים לְכָל אָדָם, אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן מְרַצֶּה לָהֶם מָעוֹת (פסחים קיח:):
submitting himself for pieces of silver They do not submit themselves to any person unless he persuades them with money.
בִּזַּר עַמִּים. פִּזְּרוּ אֶת הַשְּׁבָטִים, כְּמָה דְאַתְּ אָמַר: ״אַף חֹבֵב עַמִּים״ (דברים לג:ג). וְתָמִיד קְרָבוֹת יֶחְפָּצוּן, חֲפֵצִים לְהִלָּחֵם בָּנוּ:
he scatters peoples They scattered the tribes, as it is said: (Deut. 33:3): “Also He loves the peoples,” and they always desire battles. They want to fight with us.
ל"ב
יֶאֱתָ֣יוּ חַ֭שְׁמַנִּים מִנִּ֣י מִצְרָ֑יִם כּ֥וּשׁ תָּרִ֥יץ יָ֝דָ֗יו לֵאלֹהִֽים׃
32
Tribute-bearers shall come from Egypt;
Cush shall hasten its gifts to God.
32
Nobles shall come out of Egypt; Ethiopia shall hasten to stretch out her hands unto God.
יֶאֱתָיוּ חַשְׁמַנִּים. וְאָז, כְּשֶׁתַּחֲרִיב אֶת עֲמָלֵק וְיָקוּם מֶלֶךְ הַמָּשִׁיחַ, יָבִיאוּ לְךָ דּוֹרוֹנוֹת מִמִּצְרַיִם וּמִכּוּשׁ. וּמְנַחֵם פָּתַר חַשְׁמַנִּים שֵׁם מְדִינָה יוֹשְׁבֵי חַשְׁמוֹנָה (במדבר לג:כט), וְהַפּוֹתְרִים פּוֹתְרִין אוֹתוֹ לְשׁוֹן דּוֹרוֹן:
Gifts will be brought (Then, when You destroy Esau and the King Messiah arises, they will bring you gifts from Egypt and from Cush.Parshandatha) Then, when You scatter the enemy, and the King Messiah arises in the future, they will bring you gifts from Egypt and from Cush. Menachem interpreted חשמנים as the name of a province, the dwellers of Hashmonah (p. 96), but the commentators interpret it as an expression of a gift.
ל"ג
מַמְלְכ֣וֹת הָ֭אָרֶץ שִׁ֣ירוּ לֵאלֹהִ֑ים זַמְּר֖וּ אֲדֹנָ֣י סֶֽלָה׃
33
O kingdoms of the earth,
sing to God;
chant hymns to the Lord, selah
33
Sing unto God, ye kingdoms of the earth; O sing praises unto the Lord; Selah
שִׁירוּ לֵאלֹהִים. שֶׁהֶרְאָם גָּדְלוֹ וְגָאַל אֶת עַמּוֹ:
sing to God Who showed His greatness and redeemed His people.
ל"ד
לָ֭רֹכֵב בִּשְׁמֵ֣י שְׁמֵי־קֶ֑דֶם הֵ֥ן יִתֵּ֥ן בְּ֝קוֹלוֹ ק֣וֹל עֹֽז׃
34
to Him who rides the ancient highest heavens,
who thunders forth with His mighty voice.
34
To Him that rideth upon the heavens of heavens, which are of old; Lo, He uttereth His voice, a mighty voice.
הֵן יִתֵּן. הֵן נוֹתֵן:
behold He gives forth Heb. יתן, behold He gives.
ל"ה
תְּנ֥וּ עֹ֗ז לֵֽאלֹ֫הִ֥ים עַֽל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל גַּאֲוָת֑וֹ וְ֝עֻזּ֗וֹ בַּשְּׁחָקִֽים׃
35
Ascribe might to God,
whose majesty is over Israel,
whose might is in the skies.
35
Ascribe ye strength unto God; His majesty is over Israel, And His strength is in the skies.
ל"ו
נ֤וֹרָ֥א אֱלֹהִ֗ים מִֽמִּקְדָּ֫שֶׁ֥יךָ אֵ֤ל יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל ה֤וּא נֹתֵ֨ן ׀ עֹ֖ז וְתַעֲצֻמ֥וֹת לָעָ֗ם בָּר֥וּךְ אֱלֹהִֽים׃
36
You are awesome, O God, in Your holy places;
it is the God of Israel who gives might and power to the people.
Blessed is God.
36
Awful is God out of thy holy places; The God of Israel, He giveth strength and power unto the people; Blessed be God.
נוֹרָא אֱלֹהִים מִמִּקְדָּשֶׁיךָ. מִמַּה שֶׁהֶחֱרַבְתּוֹ אַתָּה יָראוּי, אִם לְמִקְדָּשׁוֹ לֹא נָשָׂא פָנִים קַל וָחוֹמֶר לָרְשָׁעִים. וּמִדְרַשׁ אַגָּדָה: אַל תִּקְרֵי מִמִּקְדָּשֶׁיךָ אֶלָּא מִמְּקֻדָּשֶׁיךָ, שֶׁכְּשֶׁהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא עוֹשֶׂה דִּין בַּצַּדִּיקִים מִתְיָרֵא וּמִתְעַלֶּה וּמִתְקַלֵּס, וְכֵן הוּא אוֹמֵר ״בִּקְרֹבַי אֶקָּדֵשׁ״ (ויקרא י:ג) ״וְנִקְדַּשׁ בִּכְבֹדִי״ (שמות כט:מג) בְּמִיתַת שְׁנֵי בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן (זבחים קטו:). וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ דָּרְשׁוּ כָּל הַמִּזְמוֹר עַד בָּרוּךְ ה׳ יוֹם יוֹם עַל מַתַּן תּוֹרָה וְגֶשֶׁם נְדָבוֹת בְּמַתַּן תּוֹרָה וְחַיָּתְךָ יָשְׁבוּ בָהּ. וַאֲנִי אֵין לִבִּי מִתְיַשֵּׁב לְאֻמָּן לְשׁוֹן יָשְׁבוּ בָהּ בִּלְשׁוֹן נִתְיַשְּׁבוּ בַּתּוֹרָה, וְהָהָר חָמַד אֱלֹהִים לְשִׁבְתּוֹ אֵין מִתְיַשֵּׁב לְדָרְשׁוֹ עַל הַר סִינַי שֶׁהֲרֵי לֹא לְשִׁבְתּוֹ חֲמָדוֹ וְלֹא לִשְׁכֹּן בּוֹ לָנֶצַח, וְכָאן כְּתִיב יִשְׁכֹּן לָנֶצַח וְכֵן מַלְכֵי צְבָאוֹת פֵּרְשׁוּ כְּמוֹ מַלְאֲכֵי צְבָאוֹת וְאֵין זֶה לְשׁוֹן הַמִּקְרָא:
You are feared, O God, from Your Sanctuary Because You destroyed it, You are feared. If He did not show favoritism to His [own] Sanctuary, surely [He will] not [show favoritism] to the wicked of the heathens. The Midrash Aggadah explains: Do not read: מִמִּקְדָּשֶׁיךָ, “from Your Sanctuaries,” but מִמְּקֻדְּשֶׁיךָ, “from Your hallowed ones.” When the Holy One, blessed be He, executes justice upon the righteous, He is feared, elevated, and praised. Similarly, it is said (Lev. 10:3): “Through those near to me I will be sanctified.” [Also] (Exod. 29:43), “and it will be sanctified with My honor” [i.e., with My honored ones]. With the death of Aaron’s two sons (Zev. 115b). Our Rabbis, however, expounded on the entire psalm until (verse 20): “Blessed is the Lord; every day” as referring to the giving of the Torah; (verse 10) “generous rain” refers to the giving of the Torah, and (verse 11) “Your congregation dwelt therein,” means that they became engrossed in Torah (Mid. Ps. 68 with variations). But as for me I feel uncertain in explaining the expression ישבוּ as meaning that they became engrossed in Torah. Also, my heart is uneasy at explaining (verse 17) “the mountain that God desired for His dwelling” as referring to Mt. Sinai, because He did not desire it for His dwelling and [did] not [want] to dwell there forever, whereas here it is written: “Even the Lord will dwell there forever.” Likewise (verse 13): “Kings (מלכי) of hosts,” he explained as “angels (מלאכי) of hosts,” which is not the language of Scripture.