א׳
לִשְׁלֹמֹ֨ה ׀ אֱֽלֹהִ֗ים מִ֭שְׁפָּטֶיךָ לְמֶ֣לֶךְ תֵּ֑ן וְצִדְקָתְךָ֥ לְבֶן־מֶֽלֶךְ׃
1
Of Solomon.
O God, endow the king with Your judgments,
the king’s son with Your righteousness;
1
[A Psalm] of Solomon. Give the king Thy judgments, O God, and Thy righteousness unto the king's son;
לִשְׁלֹמֹה. עַל שְׁלֹמֹה בְּנוֹ הִתְפַּלֵּל תְּפִלָּה זוֹ, שֶׁצָּפָה בְּרוּחַ הַקֹּדֶשׁ, שֶׁהוּא עָתִיד לִשְׁאוֹל מֵאֵת הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לֵב לְהָבִין לִשְׁמֹעַ מִשְׁפָּט (מלכים א ג:ט):
Concerning Solomon He prayed this prayer on behalf of his son Solomon, for he foresaw with the holy spirit that he [Solomon] was destined to request of the Holy One, blessed be He, “a heart to understand, to hear judgment.”
מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ. חָכְמַת דִּינְךָ שֶׁצִּוִּיתָ בַּתּוֹרָה:
Your judgments the wisdom of Your laws, which You commanded in the Torah.
וְצִדְקָתְךָ. לְצַדֵּק אֶת הַדִּין:
and Your righteousness to judge justly.
מֶלֶךְ וּבֶן מֶלֶךְ. שְׁנֵיהֶם בִּשְׁלֹמֹה אֲמוּרִים. דָּבָר אַחֵר: מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ לְמֶלֶךְ תֵּן, הַיִּסּוּרִין יְהוּ כָּלִים בִּי, וְהַצְּדָקָה עֲשֵׂה לִבְנִי, שֶׁיִּהְיֶה שָׁלוֹם בְּיָמָיו:
to a king, etc., to a king’s son Both refer to Solomon. Another explanation: Give Your judgments to a king The chastisements should end with me, and the charity You should bestow upon my son; viz. that there be peace in his days.
ב׳
יָדִ֣ין עַמְּךָ֣ בְצֶ֑דֶק וַעֲנִיֶּ֥יךָ בְמִשְׁפָּֽט׃
2
that he may judge Your people rightly,
Your lowly ones, justly.
2
That he may judge Thy people with righteousness, and Thy poor with justice.
ג׳
יִשְׂא֤וּ הָרִ֓ים שָׁ֘ל֥וֹם לָעָ֑ם וּ֝גְבָע֗וֹת בִּצְדָקָֽה׃
3
Let the mountains produce well-being for the people,
the hills, the reward of justice.
3
Let the mountains bear peace to the people, and the hills, through righteousness.
יִשְׂאוּ הָרִים. בְּיָמָיו:
May the mountains bear peace for the people in his days.
שָׁלוֹם לָעָם. וּמַהוּ הַשָּׁלוֹם שֶׁהֶהָרִים נוֹשְׂאִין? כְּשֶׁהֵן עוֹשִׂין פֵּרוֹת, אֵין עֵין הַבְּרִיּוֹת צָרָה, וְקוֹרֵא אִישׁ לְרֵעֵהוּ אֶל תַּחַת גֶּפֶן וְאֶל תַּחַת תְּאֵנָה (זכריה ג:י):
peace for the people. Now what is the peace that the mountains bear? When they produce fruit, people will not be jealous, and “each man will call his neighbor [to come] under [his] vine and under [his] fig tree.”
וּגְבָעוֹת בִּצְדָקָה. וּגְבָעוֹת יִשְׂאוּ לָהֶם שָׁלוֹם עַל יְדֵי הַצְּדָקָה שֶׁיַּעֲשׂוּ:
and the hillsthrough righteousness And the hills will bear peace for them through the righteousness that they will perform.
ד׳
יִשְׁפֹּ֤ט ׀ עֲֽנִיֵּי־עָ֗ם י֭וֹשִׁיעַ לִבְנֵ֣י אֶבְי֑וֹן וִֽידַכֵּ֣א עוֹשֵֽׁק׃
4
Let him champion the lowly among the people,
deliver the needy folk,
and crush those who wrong them.
4
May he judge the poor of the people, and save the children of the needy, And crush the oppressor.
ה׳
יִֽירָא֥וּךָ עִם־שָׁ֑מֶשׁ וְלִפְנֵ֥י יָ֝רֵ֗חַ דּ֣וֹר דּוֹרִֽים׃
5
Let them fear You as long as the sun shines,
while the moon lasts, generations on end.
5
They shall fear Thee while the sun endureth, and so long as the moon, throughout all generations.
יִירָאוּךָ עִם שָׁמֶשׁ. מִמֶּנִּי יִלְמְדוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל לְיִרְאָה אוֹתְךָ כָּל יְמֵי הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ וְהַיָּרֵחַ, לְדוֹר דּוֹרִים:
May they fear You in the presence of the sun All Israel will learn from him to fear You all the days of the sun and moon, generations upon generations.
וְלִפְנֵי יָרֵחַ. בְּעוֹד הַיָּרֵחַ קַיָּם וְהֵם לְפָנָיו, וְהַרְבֵּה יֵשׁ בִּלְשׁוֹן מִשְׁנָה (ביכורים ב,ג): בִּפְנֵי הַבַּיִת וְשֶׁלֹּא בִּפְנֵי הַבַּיִת:
and before the moon As long as the moon exists for generations, when they are before it [i.e., during its existence]. There are many such expressions in the language of the Mishnah. Before the Temple and not before the Temple [i.e., when the Temple existed and when it no longer exists].
ו׳
יֵ֭רֵד כְּמָטָ֣ר עַל־גֵּ֑ז כִּ֝רְבִיבִ֗ים זַרְזִ֥יף אָֽרֶץ׃
6
Let him be like rain that falls on a mown field,
like a downpour of rain on the ground,
6
May he come down like rain upon the mown grass, as showers that water the earth.
יֵרֵד כְּמָטָר עַל גֵּז. יֵרֵד דְּבָרוֹ בְּתוֹךְ עַמְּךָ וּבְלִבָּם כְּמָטָר הַיּוֹרֵד עַל יֶרֶק הַגָּזוּז, שֶׁהוּא צָרִיךְ לִגְשָׁמִים לְאַחַר שֶׁגְּזָזוּהוּ. כְּעִנְיָן שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וְהִנֵּה לֶקֶשׁ אַחַר גִּזֵּי הַמֶּלֶךְ״ (עמוס ז:א):
May it descend as rain upon cut vegetation May his word descend into the midst of Your people and into their heart as the rain that falls on the cut vegetation, which requires rain after being cut. As the matter is stated (Amos 7:1): “and behold the latter growth after the king’s mowings.”
זַרְזִיף אָרֶץ. לְשׁוֹן טִיפִּים הוּא בִּלְשׁוֹן אֲרַמִּי; בְּמַסֶּכֶת יוֹמָא (יומא פז.): הֲווֹ מָטוּ זַרְזִיפֵי דְמַיָּא:
that drip upon the earth Heb. זרזיף, an expression of drops. In Aramaic, in Tractate Yoma (87a): “Drops (זרזיפי) of water hit him.”
ז׳
יִֽפְרַח־בְּיָמָ֥יו צַדִּ֑יק וְרֹ֥ב שָׁ֝ל֗וֹם עַד־בְּלִ֥י יָרֵֽחַ׃
7
that the righteous may flourish in his time,
and well-being abound, till the moon is no more.
7
In his days let the righteous flourish, and abundance of peace, till the moon be no more.
יִפְרַח בְּיָמָיו צַדִּיק. יִשְׂרָאֵל:
May the righteous flourish in his days Israel.
וְרֹב שָׁלוֹם. יִפְרַח בְּיָמָיו, וִיהִי שָׁלוֹם זֶה אָרוֹךְ עַד לְעוֹלָם. וְכָל תְּפִלָּה זוֹ נִתְקַיְּמָה חוּץ מִדָּבָר הַזֶּה; לְפִי שֶׁשְּׁלֹמֹה חָטָא לְפִיכָךְ לֹא נִמְשְׁכָה מַלְכוּתוֹ, שֶׁהַמַּלְכוּת נִמְסְרָה לְדָוִד עַל תְּנַאי ״אִם יִשְׁמְרוּ בָנֶיךָ אֶת דַּרְכָּם״ (מלכים א ב:ד). וְיִשְׂרָאֵל פָּרְחוּ בְיָמָיו, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״יְהוּדָה וְיִשְׂרָאֵל רַבִּים כַּחוֹל וְגוֹ׳״ (מלכים א ד:כ), וְרֹב שָׁלוֹם הָיָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״וַיֵּשֶׁב יְהוּדָה וְיִשְׂרָאֵל לָבֶטַח אִישׁ תַּחַת גַּפְנוֹ כָּל יְמֵי שְׁלֹמֹה״ (מלכים א ה:ה):
and much peace will flourish in his days, and this peace will last forever. Now all this prayer was fulfilled except this thing, because Solomon sinned. Therefore his kingdom did not endure, for the kingship was given to David on this condition (I Kings 2: 4): “If your children take heed to their way,” but Israel sinned in his days. As it is said (ibid. 4: 20): “Judah and Israel [were] many, as the sand, etc.” And Israel flourished in his days, as it is said... And there was much peace, as it is said (ibid. 5:5): “And Judah and Israel dwelt safely, every man under his vine and under his fig tree, etc., all the days of Solomon.”
ח׳
וְ֭יֵרְדְּ מִיָּ֣ם עַד־יָ֑ם וּ֝מִנָּהָ֗ר עַד־אַפְסֵי־אָֽרֶץ׃
8
Let him rule from sea to sea,
from the river to the ends of the earth.
8
May he have dominion also from sea to sea, and from the River unto the ends of the earth.
וְיֵרְדְּ מִיָּם עַד יָם. כָּל אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל, מִיַּם סוּף וְעַד יָם פְּלִשְׁתִּים (שמות כג:לא):
And may he reign from sea to sea All of the land of Israel is from the Sea of Reeds to the Sea of the Philistines [the Mediterranean].
וּמִנָּהָר עַד אַפְסֵי אָרֶץ. ״כִּי הוּא רוֹדֶה בְּכָל עֵבֶר הַנָּהָר וְגוֹמֵר״ (מלכים א ה:ד):
and from the river to the ends of the land (I Kings 5:4): “For he had dominion over all [the inhabitants of] this side of the river, etc.”
ט׳
לְ֭פָנָיו יִכְרְע֣וּ צִיִּ֑ים וְ֝אֹיְבָ֗יו עָפָ֥ר יְלַחֵֽכוּ׃
9
Let desert-dwellers kneel before him,
and his enemies lick the dust.
9
Let them that dwell in the wilderness bow before him; and his enemies lick the dust.
צִיִּים. כִּתּוֹת שֶׁל שָׂרִים, כְּדִמְתַרְגֵּם ״וְצִים מִיַּד כִּתִּים״ (במדבר כד:כד): ״וְסִיעָן יִסְתַּחְרָן מֵרוֹמָאֵי״:
nobles Heb. ציים, companies of nobles, as (Num. 24:24): “and nobles (וצים) from the Kittites,” which the Targum renders: And companies will come around from the Romans.
י׳
מַלְכֵ֬י תַרְשִׁ֣ישׁ וְ֭אִיִּים מִנְחָ֣ה יָשִׁ֑יבוּ מַלְכֵ֥י שְׁבָ֥א וּ֝סְבָ֗א אֶשְׁכָּ֥ר יַקְרִֽיבוּ׃
10
Let kings of Tarshish and the islands pay tribute,
kings of Sheba and Seba offer gifts.
10
The kings of Tarshish and of the isles shall render tribute; the kings of Sheba and Seba shall offer gifts.
מַלְכֵי תַרְשִׁישׁ וְאִיִּים מִנְחָה יָשִׁיבוּ. ״כִּי אֳנִי תַרְשִׁישׁ לַמֶּלֶךְ בַּיָּם עִם אֳנִי חִירָם אַחַת לְשָׁלֹשׁ שָׁנִים תָּבֹא אֳנִי תַרְשִׁישׁ וְגוֹ׳״ (מלכים א י:כב):
May the kings of Tarshish and the isles return tribute (I Kings 10:23): “For the king had at sea, ships of Tarshish with Aliram’s ships; once every three years the ships of Tarshish would come, etc.”
מַלְכֵי שְׁבָא. מַלְכַּת שְׁבָא (מלכים א י:א):
the kings of Sheba The queen of Sheba.
אֶשְׁכָּר. דּוֹרוֹן:
a gift Heb. אֶשְׁכָּר, a gift.
י"א
וְיִשְׁתַּחֲווּ־ל֥וֹ כָל־מְלָכִ֑ים כָּל־גּוֹיִ֥ם יַֽעַבְדֽוּהוּ׃
11
Let all kings bow to him,
and all nations serve him.
11
Yea, all kings shall prostrate themselves before him; All nations shall serve him.
כָּל גּוֹיִם יַעַבְדוּהוּ. ״וְכָל הָאָרֶץ״ מְבִיאִים מִנְחָה לִשְׁלֹמֹה (מלכים א י:כד), ״וְהֵמָּה מְבִיאִין אִישׁ מִנְחָתוֹ״ (מלכים א י:כה):
may all nations serve him (I Kings 10:24f.): “And all the [inhabitants of] the earth sought Solomon’s presence etc. And each one would bring his gift.”
י"ב
כִּֽי־יַ֭צִּיל אֶבְי֣וֹן מְשַׁוֵּ֑עַ וְ֝עָנִ֗י וְֽאֵין־עֹזֵ֥ר לֽוֹ׃
12
For he saves the needy who cry out,
the lowly who have no helper.
12
For he will deliver the needy when he crieth; the poor also, and him that hath no helper.
י"ג
יָ֭חֹס עַל־דַּ֣ל וְאֶבְי֑וֹן וְנַפְשׁ֖וֹת אֶבְיוֹנִ֣ים יוֹשִֽׁיעַ׃
13
He cares about the poor and the needy;
He brings the needy deliverance.
13
He will have pity on the poor and needy, And the souls of the needy he will save.
י"ד
מִתּ֣וֹךְ וּ֭מֵחָמָס יִגְאַ֣ל נַפְשָׁ֑ם וְיֵיקַ֖ר דָּמָ֣ם בְּעֵינָֽיו׃
14
He redeems them from fraud and lawlessness;
the shedding of their blood weighs heavily upon him.
14
He will redeem their soul from oppression and violence, And precious will their blood be in his sight.
מִתּוֹךְ וּמֵחָמָס. מִמַּכּוֹת וּמִגָּזֵל. מָצָאתִי מִתּוֹךְ לְשׁוֹן תּוֹךְ תּוֹכוֹת, בַּעֲלֵי מְזִמּוֹת חוֹרְשֵׁי אָוֶן, כְּמוֹ ״אִישׁ תְּכָכִים״ (משלי כט:יג):
From blows and from robbery Heb. מתוך ומחמס, from blows and from robbery. I found [the following]: מִתּוֹךְ is an expression of “his innermost midst (תּוֹךְ),” men of plots, who plot iniquity, as (Prov. 29:13): “a man of deep thoughts (תככים).”
יִגְאַל נַפְשָׁם. עַל יְדֵי מִשְׁפָּט וּצְדָקָה שֶׁיַּעֲשֶׂה בָּהֶם:
he will redeem their soul through the justice and righteousness that he will perform for them.
ט"ו
וִיחִ֗י וְיִתֶּן־לוֹ֮ מִזְּהַ֪ב שְׁ֫בָ֥א וְיִתְפַּלֵּ֣ל בַּעֲד֣וֹ תָמִ֑יד כָּל־הַ֝יּ֗וֹם יְבָרֲכֶֽנְהֽוּ׃
15
So let him live, and receive gold of Sheba;
let prayers for him be said always,
blessings on him invoked at all times.
15
That they may live, and that he may give them of the gold of Sheba, That they may pray for him continually, Yea, bless him all the day.
וִיחִי. שְׁלֹמֹה:
And may he live Solomon.
וְיִתֶּן לוֹ. הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא:
and He will give him The Holy One, blessed be He.
מִזְּהַב שְׁבָא. וְכֵן הָיְתָה: ״גַּם עֹשֶׁר גַּם כָּבוֹד אֲשֶׁר לֹא הָיָה כָמוֹךָ וְגוֹמֵר״ (מלכים א ג:יג):
of the gold of Sheba And so it was (I Kings 3:13): “both riches and honor, so that there shall not be any among the kings like you.”
וְיִתְפַּלֵּל בַּעֲדוֹ תָּמִיד וְגוֹ׳. הִיא הַתְּפִלָּה הִיא הַבְּרָכָה; כְּשֶׁהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא אוֹמֵר לָאָדָם: בָּרוּךְ תִּהְיֶה, לְשׁוֹן תְּפִלָּה הוּא:
and may He pray for him constantly, etc. The prayer and the blessing are identical. When the Holy One, blessed be He, says to a man, “You shall be blessed,” it is an expression of prayer.
ט"ז
יְהִ֤י פִסַּת־בַּ֨ר ׀ בָּאָרֶץ֮ בְּרֹ֪אשׁ הָ֫רִ֥ים יִרְעַ֣שׁ כַּלְּבָנ֣וֹן פִּרְי֑וֹ וְיָצִ֥יצוּ מֵ֝עִ֗יר כְּעֵ֣שֶׂב הָאָֽרֶץ׃
16
Let abundant grain be in the land, to the tops of the mountains;
let his crops thrive like the forest of Lebanon;
and let men sprout up in towns like country grass.
16
May he be as a rich cornfield in the land upon the top of the mountains; May his fruit rustle like Lebanon; And may they blossom out of the city like grass of the earth.
פִּסַּת בַּר. לְשׁוֹן פִּסְיוֹן, תּוֹסֶפֶת וְרִבּוּי. וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ פֵּרְשׁוּהוּ (כתובות קיא:; שבת ל:): לְשׁוֹן גְּלוּסְקָאוֹת לִימוֹת הַמָּשִׁיחַ, וְכָל הַמִּזְמוֹר בְּמֶלֶךְ הַמָּשִׁיחַ. דָּבָר אַחֵר: פִּסַּת בַּר לְשׁוֹן רָצוֹן, כְּמוֹ פַּיִיס, שֶׁהַבְּרִיּוֹת מִתְפַּיְּסִין וּמִתְרַצִּין מֵאֵת הַמָּקוֹם כְּשֶׁנּוֹתֵן שׂוֹבַע בָּעוֹלָם:
May there be an abundance of grain Heb. פסת, an expression of spreading (פסיון), increase and abundance. Our Sages, however, explained this as an expression of loaves of white bread during the messianic era (Keth. 111b, Shab. 30b), and the entire psalm as referring to the messianic era. Another explanation: פִּסַת is an expression of good will, like פִּיוּס, placating; the people are appeased and accepted by the Holy One, blessed be He, when He gives plenty in the world.
יִרְעַשׁ כַּלְּבָנוֹן פִּרְיוֹ. חִטִּין גַּסִּין כְּפֵירוֹת הָאִילָן, כַּכְּלָיוֹת שֶׁל שׁוֹר הַגָּדוֹל, שֶׁהָיָה בִּימֵי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן שָׁטַח (כתובות קיא:):
may its fruit rustle like Lebanon May the wheat kernels be as thick as the kidneys of a large ox, as happened in the days of Shimon ben Shatach.
וְיָצִיצוּ. יִשְׂרָאֵל:
and they will blossom forth Israel.
מֵעִיר. מִתּוֹךְ יְרוּשָׁלַיִם כְּעֵשֶׂב הָאָרֶץ:
from the city From the midst of Jerusalem like the grass of the earth.
י"ז
יְהִ֤י שְׁמ֨וֹ לְֽעוֹלָ֗ם לִפְנֵי־שֶׁמֶשׁ֮ ינין [יִנּ֪וֹן] שְׁ֫מ֥וֹ וְיִתְבָּ֥רְכוּ ב֑וֹ כָּל־גּוֹיִ֥ם יְאַשְּׁרֽוּהוּ׃
17
May his name be eternal;
while the sun lasts, may his name endure;
let men invoke his blessedness upon themselves;
let all nations count him happy.
17
May his name endure for ever; May his name be continued as long as the sun; May men also bless themselves by him; May all nations call him happy.
יְהִי שְׁמוֹ. שֶׁל שְׁלֹמֹה נִזְכָּר לְעוֹלָם בְּעָשְׁרוֹ וּבְחָכְמָתוֹ:
May his name [May] Solomon’s name be remembered forever for his riches and his wisdom.
לִפְנֵי שֶׁמֶשׁ יִנּוֹן שְׁמוֹ. כָּל יְמֵי הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ יִגְדַּל שְׁמוֹ:
before the sun, his name will be magnified All the days of the sun, his name will be magnified.
יִנּוֹן. לְשׁוֹן מַלְכוּת וְשָׂרָרָה, כְּמוֹ (משלי כט:כא) ״וְאַחֲרִיתוֹ יִהְיֶה מָנוֹן״, (בראשית כא:כג) ״וּלְנִינִי״ – הַשַּׁלִּיט עַל נְכָסַי אַחֲרַי, (תהלים עד:ח) ״אָמְרוּ בְלִבָּם נִינָם יָחַד״ – מַלְכֵיהֶם יָחַד (מגילה י:):
will be magnified Heb. ינון, an expression of kingdom and dominion, as (Prov. 29:21): “he will ultimately be a ruler (מנון) ; (Gen. 21:23), “and to my son (ולניני),” who rules over my property after me; (below 74:8), “They said in their heart, their rulers (נינם) together”; their kings together.
וְיִתְבָּרְכוּ בוֹ. אָדָם אוֹמֵר לִבְנוֹ: תְּהִי חָכָם וְעָשִׁיר כִּשְׁלֹמֹה:
will bless themselves with him A person will say to his son, “May you be wise and rich like Solomon.”
י"ח
בָּר֤וּךְ ׀ יְהוָ֣ה אֱ֭לֹהִים אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל עֹשֵׂ֖ה נִפְלָא֣וֹת לְבַדּֽוֹ׃
18
Blessed is the LORD God, God of Israel,
who alone does wondrous things;
18
Blessed be the LORD God, the God of Israel, Who only doeth wondrous things;
בָּרוּךְ ה׳. הָעוֹשֶׂה נִפְלָאוֹת גְּדוֹלוֹת בְּרֶדֶת הָאֵשׁ מִן הַשָּׁמַיִם עַל יְדֵי שְׁלֹמֹה בְּנִי (דברי הימים ב ז:א):
Blessed is the Lord, etc., Who performs wonders alone When the fire descended from the heavens through Solomon, his son.
י"ט
וּבָר֤וּךְ ׀ שֵׁ֥ם כְּבוֹד֗וֹ לְע֫וֹלָ֥ם וְיִמָּלֵ֣א כְ֭בוֹדוֹ אֶת־כֹּ֥ל הָאָ֗רֶץ אָ֘מֵ֥ן ׀ וְאָמֵֽן׃
19
Blessed is His glorious name forever;
His glory fills the whole world.
Amen and Amen.
19
And blessed be His glorious name for ever; And let the whole earth be filled with His glory. Amen, and Amen.
כ׳
כָּלּ֥וּ תְפִלּ֑וֹת דָּ֝וִ֗ד בֶּן־יִשָֽׁי׃
20
End of the prayers of David son of Jesse.
20
The prayers of David the son of Jesse are ended.
כָּלּוּ תְפִלּוֹת דָּוִד. רַבּוֹתֵינוּ דָּרְשׁוּ כָּלּוּ, כָּל אֵלּוּ תְפִלּוֹת דָּוִד לִכְלוֹל כָּל הַסֵּפֶר עַל שֵׁם דָּוִד, וְאַף מַה שֶּׁאָמְרוּ בְּנֵי קֹרַח וַעֲשָׂרָה זְקֵנִים עַל שֵׁם שֶׁהוּא נִקְרָא נְעִים זְמִירוֹת יִשְׂרָאֵל (שמואל ב כג:א). וְיֵשׁ לִפְתּוֹר כָּלּוּ כְּמוֹ נִסְתַּיְּמוּ, כְּמוֹ ״רוֹמּוּ מְעַט״ (איוב כד:כד), ״שֹׁמּוּ שָׁמַיִם״ (ירמיה ב:יב). וְאִם כֵּן הוּא, לֹא נִכְתַּב הַמִּזְמוֹר בִּמְקוֹמוֹ, וְאֵין מֻקְדָּם וּמְאֻחָר בַּסֵּפֶר. וְנִרְאִין הַדְּבָרִים שֶׁלְּעֵת זִקְנָתוֹ, כְּשֶׁהִמְלִיךְ אֶת שְׁלֹמֹה, אֲמָרוֹ:
The prayers of David...are completed Heb. כלו. Our sages expounded on כָּלוּ to mean כָּל אֵלוּ, all these are the prayers of David son of Jesse, to include the entire Book on David’s nameeven what the sons of Korah and the ten elders said because he was known as (II Sam. 23:1) “the sweet singer of Israel.” כָּלוּ may also be interpreted as “were completed.” The construction of כָּלוּ is like (Job 24: 24): “They are taken away (רֹמוּ) in a second”; (Jer. 2:12), “O heavens, be astonished (שֹׁמוּ).” If this is so, this psalm was not written in its place, and there is no chronological order in the Book. The [subject] matter indicates that he said this in his old age, when he enthroned Solomon.