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Psalms · Chapter 133

תהלים קל"ג

א׳ שִׁ֥יר הַֽמַּעֲל֗וֹת לְדָ֫וִ֥ד הִנֵּ֣ה מַה־טּ֭וֹב וּמַה־נָּעִ֑ים שֶׁ֖בֶת אַחִ֣ים גַּם־יָֽחַד׃

1 A song of ascents. Of David.
How good and how pleasant it is
that brothers dwell together.

1 A Song of Ascents; of David. Behold, how good and how pleasant it is For brethren to dwell together in unity!

שִׁיר וְגוֹ׳ הִנֵּה מַה טּוֹב וּמַה נָּעִים שֶׁבֶת אַחִים גַּם יָחַד. כְּשֶׁיֵּשֵׁב הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא בְּבֵית הַבְּחִירָה עִם יִשְׂרָאֵל הַקְּרוּיִין אַחִים וְרֵעִים (שיר השירים ה:א), וְיִהְיֶה גַּם הוּא יַחַד עִמָּהֶם:

Behold how good and how pleasant it is for brothers also to dwell together When the Holy One, blessed be He, will dwell in the Temple with Israel, who are called brothers and friends, and He too will be together with them.

ב׳ כַּשֶּׁ֤מֶן הַטּ֨וֹב ׀ עַל־הָרֹ֗אשׁ יֹרֵ֗ד עַֽל־הַזָּקָ֥ן זְקַֽן־אַהֲרֹ֑ן שֶׁ֝יֹּרֵ֗ד עַל־פִּ֥י מִדּוֹתָֽיו׃

2 It is like fine oil on the head
running down onto the beard,
the beard of Aaron,
that comes down over the collar of his robe;

2 It is like the precious oil upon the head, Coming down upon the beard; Even Aaron's beard, That cometh down upon the collar of his garments;

כַּשֶּׁמֶן הַטּוֹב. שֶׁנִּמְשַׁח בּוֹ אַהֲרֹן הַכֹּהֵן:

As the good oil with which Aaron the priest was anointed.

שֶׁיּוֹרֵד. מֵרֹאשׁוֹ אֶל זְקָנוֹ אֶל פִּי רֹאשׁ הַכֻּתֹּנֶת שֶׁלּוֹ, שֶׁהַזָּקָן שׁוֹכֵב עַל פִּי הַכֻּתֹּנֶת. כֵּן נָעִים טַל חֶרְמוֹן שֶׁגָּבוֹהַּ עַל הַרְרֵי צִיּוֹן, וְהַטַּל יוֹרֵד מֵחֶרְמוֹן לְהַרְרֵי צִיּוֹן. כְּשֵׁם שֶׁשֶּׁמֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה לִגְדֻלָּה, כָּךְ הַר צִיּוֹן לְתִפְאֶרֶת וּלְכָבוֹד לְיִשְׂרָאֵל. כַּשֶּׁמֶן הַטּוֹב כֵּן טַל חֶרְמוֹן. כָּזֶה כֵּן זֶה, כְּמוֹ ״וְהָיָה כָעָם כַּכֹּהֵן״ (הושע ד:ט). וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ דָּרְשׁוּ שֶׁבֶת אַחִים, מֹשֶׁה וְאַהֲרֹן לְעִנְיַן מְעִילָה בְּשֶׁמֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה בְּמַסֶּכֶת הוֹרָיוֹת (הוריות יב.) כָּל הַמִּזְמוֹר. אֲבָל יֵשׁ בְּדִבְרֵי תוֹרָה וְקַבָּלָה מָשָׁל וּמְלִיצָה וְדִבְרֵי חֲכָמִים וְחִידוֹתָם, וְעִקַּר שִׁיר הַמַּעֲלוֹת עַל בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ נֶאֱמַר:

which runs down from his head to his beard, to the mouth of his tunic, for the beard rests on the mouth of the tunic. So is the dew of Hermon, which is high, pleasant on the mountains of Zion. Just as the anointing oil is for greatness, so is the dew of Zion for glory and distinction for Israel. Just as the good oil is so, so is the dew of Hermon. Like this, so is that, like (Isa. 24:2): “as with the people, so with the priest.” Our Rabbis explained “for brothers to dwell” as concerning Moses and Aaron, regarding unlawful use of the anointment oil, in tractate Horioth (12a) the entire psalm. But [there is], in words of Torah and post- Mosaic Scriptures, an allegory and a figure, and [in the] words of the wise and their riddles, but the primary meaning of the song of ascents is that it was said regarding the Temple.

ג׳ כְּטַל־חֶרְמ֗וֹן שֶׁיֹּרֵד֮ עַל־הַרְרֵ֪י צִ֫יּ֥וֹן כִּ֤י שָׁ֨ם ׀ צִוָּ֣ה יְ֭הוָה אֶת־הַבְּרָכָ֑ה חַ֝יִּ֗ים עַד־הָעוֹלָֽם׃

3 like the dew of Hermon
that falls upon the mountains of Zion.
There the LORD ordained blessing,
everlasting life.

3 Like the dew of Hermon, That cometh down upon the mountains of Zion; For there the LORD commanded the blessing, Even life for ever.

Psalms · Chapter 133

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