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תהלים · פרק כ׳

תהלים כ׳

א׳ לַמְנַצֵּ֗חַ מִזְמ֥וֹר לְדָוִֽד׃

1 For the leader. A psalm of David.

1 For the Leader. A Psalm of David.

ב׳ יַֽעַנְךָ֣ יְ֭הוָה בְּי֣וֹם צָרָ֑ה יְ֝שַׂגֶּבְךָ֗ שֵׁ֤ם ׀ אֱלֹהֵ֬י יַעֲקֹֽב׃

2 May the LORD answer you in time of trouble,
the name of Jacob’s God keep you safe.

2 The LORD answer thee in the day of trouble; The name of the God of Jacob set thee up on high;

יַעַנְךָ ה׳ בְּיוֹם צָרָה. הַמִּזְמוֹר הַזֶּה עַל שֵׁם שֶׁהָיָה שׁוֹלֵחַ אֶת יוֹאָב וְאֶת כָּל יִשְׂרָאֵל לַמִּלְחָמָה, וְהוּא הָיָה עוֹמֵד בִּירוּשָׁלַיִם וּמִתְפַּלֵּל עֲלֵיהֶן, כְּעִנְיָן שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״טוֹב כִּי תִהְיֶה לָנוּ מֵעִיר לַעֲזוֹר״ (שמואל ב יח:ג); וְאָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ (סנהדרין מט.): אִילְמָלֵא דָוִד, לֹא עָשָׂה יוֹאָב מִלְחָמָה:

May the Lord answer you on a day of distress This psalm was [composed] because he [David] would send Joab and all Israel to war, and he would stand in Jerusalem and pray for them, as the matter is stated (in II Sam. 18:3): “It is better that you be for us from the city as aid.” Were it not for David, Joab would not have succeeded in battle.

שֵׁם אֱלֹהֵי יַעֲקֹב. שֶׁהִבְטִיחוֹ בְּלֶכְתּוֹ לְחָרָן (בראשית כח:יג-טו), וְשָׁמַר הַבְטָחָתוֹ. לְכָךְ נֶאֱמַר: אֱלֹהֵי יַעֲקֹב:

the name of the God of Jacob Who promised him [Jacob] when he went to Haran and kept His promise; therefore, it is stated: “the God of Jacob.”

ג׳ יִשְׁלַֽח־עֶזְרְךָ֥ מִקֹּ֑דֶשׁ וּ֝מִצִּיּ֗וֹן יִסְעָדֶֽךָּ׃

3 May He send you help from the sanctuary,
and sustain you from Zion.

3 Send forth thy help from the sanctuary, And support thee out of Zion;

מִקֹּדֶשׁ. מֵהֵיכַל קָדְשׁוֹ, שֶׁהוּא שׁוֹכֵן שָׁם:

from His sanctuary From His Holy Temple, in which He dwells.

ד׳ יִזְכֹּ֥ר כָּל־מִנְחֹתֶ֑ךָ וְעוֹלָתְךָ֖ יְדַשְּׁנֶ֣ה סֶֽלָה׃

4 May He receive the tokens of all your meal offerings,
and approve your burnt offerings. Selah.

4 Receive the memorial of all thy meal-offerings, And accept the fat of thy burnt-sacrifice; Selah

מִנְחוֹתֶיךָ וְעוֹלָתְךָ. הֵם הַתְּפִלּוֹת שֶׁאַתֶּם מִתְפַּלְּלִים בַּמִּלְחָמָה:

your meal offerings...burnt offerings They are the prayers that you pray in battle.

יְדַשְּׁנֶה סֶלָה. לְשׁוֹן שׁוּמָן, כְּמוֹ (דברים לא:כ) ״וְאָכַל וְשָׂבַע וְדָשֵׁן״, כְּלוֹמַר: יְקַבְּלֵם בְּרָצוֹן כְּעוֹלוֹת מְחִים:

fat Heb. ידשנה, an expression of fat, as (in Deut. 31:20): “and it will eat and be satisfied, and it will become obese (ודשן),” i.e., He will accept them [the prayers] willingly like fat burnt offering.

ה׳ יִֽתֶּן־לְךָ֥ כִלְבָבֶ֑ךָ וְֽכָל־עֲצָתְךָ֥ יְמַלֵּֽא׃

5 May He grant you your desire,
and fulfill your every plan.

5 Grant thee according to thine own heart, And fulfil all thy counsel.

ו׳ נְרַנְּנָ֤ה ׀ בִּ֘ישׁ֤וּעָתֶ֗ךָ וּבְשֵֽׁם־אֱלֹהֵ֥ינוּ נִדְגֹּ֑ל יְמַלֵּ֥א יְ֝הוָ֗ה כָּל־מִשְׁאֲלוֹתֶֽיךָ׃

6 May we shout for joy in your victory,
arrayed by standards in the name of our God.
May the LORD fulfill your every wish.

6 We will shout for joy in thy victory, And in the name of our God we will set up our standards; The LORD fulfil all thy petitions.

נְרַנְּנָה בִּישׁוּעָתֶךָ. כְּשֶׁיּוֹשִׁיעַ אוֹתְךָ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, נְרַנְּנָה כֻּלָּנוּ לְהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא:

Let us sing praises for your salvation When the Holy One, blessed be He, saves you, we will all sing praises to the Holy One, blessed be He.

וּבִשְׁמוֹ נִדְגֹּל. נִתְאַסֵּף וְנַעֲשֶׂה חַיִל (תהלים ס:יד):

and let us assemble in the name of our God Heb. נדגל, let us assemble and become strong.

ז׳ עַתָּ֤ה יָדַ֗עְתִּי כִּ֤י הוֹשִׁ֥יעַ ׀ יְהוָ֗ה מְשִׁ֫יח֥וֹ יַ֭עֲנֵהוּ מִשְּׁמֵ֣י קָדְשׁ֑וֹ בִּ֝גְבֻר֗וֹת יֵ֣שַׁע יְמִינֽוֹ׃

7 Now I know that the LORD will give victory to His anointed,
will answer him from His heavenly sanctuary
with the mighty victories of His right arm.

7 Now know I that the LORD saveth His anointed; He will answer him from His holy heaven With the mighty acts of His saving right hand.

עַתָּה יָדַעְתִּי. זוֹ הִיא הָרְנָנָה שֶׁנְּרַנֵּן עַתָּה בַּתְּשׁוּעָה זוֹ שֶׁבָּאָה לְיוֹאָב וּלְיִשְׂרָאֵל, יָדַעְתִּי שֶׁחָפֵץ הַמָּקוֹם בִּי וְעָנָנִי מִשְּׁמֵי קָדְשׁוֹ, כִּי תְּשׁוּעָתָם הִיא תְּשׁוּעָתִי:

Now I know This is the praise that we will sing now for this salvation that came to Joab and to Israel: I know that the Omnipresent desired me and has answered me from His holy heavens, for their salvation is my salvation.

ח׳ אֵ֣לֶּה בָ֭רֶכֶב וְאֵ֣לֶּה בַסּוּסִ֑ים וַאֲנַ֓חְנוּ ׀ בְּשֵׁם־יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֣ינוּ נַזְכִּֽיר׃

8 They [call] on chariots, they [call] on horses,
but we call on the name of the LORD our God.

8 Some trust in chariots, and some in horses; But we will make mention of the name of the LORD our God.

אֵלֶּה בָרֶכֶב. יֵשׁ מִן הָאֻמּוֹת שֶׁבּוֹטְחִים בְּרֶכֶב בַּרְזֶל שֶׁלָּהֶם וְיֵשׁ שֶׁבּוֹטְחִים בְּסוּסֵיהֶם, אֲבָל אֲנַחְנוּ בְּשֵׁם ה׳ נַזְכִּיר כִּי לוֹ הַיְשׁוּעָה. נַזְכִּיר לְשׁוֹן הַקְטָרָה וּתְפִלָּה, כְּמוֹ (ישעיהו סו:ג) ״מַזְכִּיר לְבוֹנָה״ (ויקרא ב:ב) ״אֶת אַזְכָּרָתָהּ״. וּלְפִיכָךְ הֵמָּה יִכְרְעוּ וְיִפֹּלוּ:

These trust in chariots Some nations trust in their iron chariots, and some trust in horses, but we pray in the name of the Lord, because the salvation is His. נזכיר is an expression of burning sacrifices and of prayer, as (in Isa. 66:3): “he who burns (מזכיר) frankincense,” (and in Lev. 2:2): “its memorial part (אזכרתה).” Therefore, they kneel and fall...

ט׳ הֵ֭מָּה כָּרְע֣וּ וְנָפָ֑לוּ וַאֲנַ֥חְנוּ קַּ֝֗מְנוּ וַנִּתְעוֹדָֽד׃

9 They collapse and lie fallen,
but we rally and gather strength.

9 They are bowed down and fallen; But we are risen, and stand upright.

וַאֲנַחְנוּ קַּמְנוּ וַנִּתְעוֹדָד. נִתְגַּבֵּר עֲלֵיהֶם, כְּמוֹ ״מְעוֹדֵד עֲנָוִים״ (תהלים קמז:ו), לְשׁוֹן עֹז:

but we rise and gain strength We gain strength over them, as (below 147:6): “strengthens (מעודד) the humble,” an expression of strength.

י׳ יְהוָ֥ה הוֹשִׁ֑יעָה הַ֝מֶּ֗לֶךְ יַעֲנֵ֥נוּ בְיוֹם־קָרְאֵֽנוּ׃

10 O LORD, grant victory!
May the King answer us when we call.

10 Save, LORD; Let the King answer us in the day that we call.

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