א׳
מִזְמ֗וֹר לְדָ֫וִ֥ד הָב֣וּ לַֽ֭יהוָה בְּנֵ֣י אֵלִ֑ים הָב֥וּ לַ֝יהוָ֗ה כָּב֥וֹד וָעֹֽז׃
1
A psalm of David.
Ascribe to the LORD, O divine beings,
ascribe to the LORD glory and strength.
1
A Psalm of David. Ascribe unto the LORD, O ye sons of might, Ascribe unto the LORD glory and strength.
הָבוּ לַה׳. הָכִינוּ לַה׳ וְהָכִינוּ לוֹ, אַתֶּם, בְּנֵי אֵילֵי הָאָרֶץ; מִכָּאן שֶׁאוֹמְרִים ׳אָבוֹת׳ (ראש השנה לב.). וּמְנַחֵם חִבֵּר הָבוּ לְשׁוֹן נְתִינָה:
Prepare for the Lord Heb. הבו. Prepare for the Lord and prepare for Him, you sons of the mighty of the land. From here we derive the ruling that [for the first blessing of the Amidah prayer] we should say the blessing אבות, the Patriarchs (Meg. 17b, R.H. 32b, Mid. Ps. 29:2). But Menachem (p. 68) associated הבו as an expression of giving.
אֵלִים. שָׂרִים (ס״א אינו):
mighty Heb. אלים, princes.
הָבוּ לַה׳ כָּבוֹד וָעֹז. מִכָּאן שֶׁאוֹמְרִים גְּבוּרוֹת (ראש השנה לב.):
prepare for the Lord glory and might From here we derive that [for the second blessing of the Amidah prayer] we should say the blessing of גבורות, mighty deeds.
ב׳
הָב֣וּ לַֽ֭יהוָה כְּב֣וֹד שְׁמ֑וֹ הִשְׁתַּחֲו֥וּ לַ֝יהוָ֗ה בְּהַדְרַת־קֹֽדֶשׁ׃
2
Ascribe to the LORD the glory of His name;
bow down to the LORD, majestic in holiness.
2
Ascribe unto the LORD the glory due unto His name; Worship the LORD in the beauty of holiness.
כְּבוֹד שְׁמוֹ. זוֹ קְדֻשַּׁת הַשֵּׁם (ראש השנה לב.), וְיֵשׁ בְּמִזְמוֹר זֶה שְׁמוֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה אַזְכָּרוֹת, וּכְנֶגְדָּן תִּקְּנוּ שְׁמוֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה בְּרָכוֹת:
the glory due His name This is the blessing of the sanctity of the Name [the third blessing of the Amidah]. In this psalm, there are eighteen mentions of God’s name, and corresponding to them, they instituted eighteen blessings.
ג׳
ק֥וֹל יְהוָ֗ה עַל־הַ֫מָּ֥יִם אֵֽל־הַכָּב֥וֹד הִרְעִ֑ים יְ֝הוָ֗ה עַל־מַ֥יִם רַבִּֽים׃
3
The voice of the LORD is over the waters;
the God of glory thunders,
the LORD, over the mighty waters.
3
The voice of the LORD is upon the waters; The God of glory thundereth, Even the LORD upon many waters.
קוֹל ה׳ עַל הַמָּיִם. עַל יַם סוּף יַרְעֵם מִשָּׁמַיִם ה׳ וְגוֹ׳ (תהלים יח:יד):
The voice of the Lord is upon the waters Upon the Sea of Reeds, “The Lord thundered from heaven” (above 18:14).
הִרְעִים. טוֹרְמִינְטָאוּ״שׁ בְּלַעַ״ז:
thunders Heb. הרעים, tormanta in Old French.
ד׳
קוֹל־יְהוָ֥ה בַּכֹּ֑חַ ק֥וֹל יְ֝הוָ֗ה בֶּהָדָֽר׃
4
The voice of the LORD is power;
the voice of the LORD is majesty;
4
The voice of the LORD is powerful; The voice of the LORD is full of majesty.
קוֹל ה׳ בַּכֹּחַ. בְּשָׁעַת מַתַּן תּוֹרָה צִמְצֵם אֶת קוֹלוֹ לְפִי כֹּחָן שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״וְהָאֱלֹהִים יַעֲנֶנּוּ בְקוֹל״ (שמות יט:יט) – בְּקוֹלוֹ שֶׁל מֹשֶׁה (ברכות מה.):
The voice of the Lord is in strength At the time of the giving of the Torah, He moderated His voice according to the strength of Israel, as it is said (Exod. 19:19): “and God would answer him with a voice,” with Moses’ voice.
ה׳
ק֣וֹל יְ֭הוָה שֹׁבֵ֣ר אֲרָזִ֑ים וַיְשַׁבֵּ֥ר יְ֝הוָ֗ה אֶת־אַרְזֵ֥י הַלְּבָנֽוֹן׃
5
the voice of the LORD breaks cedars;
the LORD shatters the cedars of Lebanon.
5
The voice of the LORD breaketh the cedars; yea, the LORD breaketh in pieces the cedars of Lebanon.
קוֹל ה׳ שׁוֹבֵר אֲרָזִים. הָאֻמּוֹת, כְּעִנְיָן שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמואל א ז:י) ״וַיַּרְעֵם ה׳ בְּקוֹל גָּדוֹל עַל פְּלִשְׁתִּים וְגוֹ׳״, (ישעיהו ל:לא) ״כִּי מִקּוֹל ה׳ יֵחַת אַשּׁוּר״. וּבִשְׁעַת מַתַּן תּוֹרָה (דברים ה:כג) ״כִּי מִי כָל בָּשָׂר וְגוֹמֵר וַיֶּחִי״ – אַתָּה שָׁמַעְתָּ וְחָיִיתָ, וְאֻמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם שׁוֹמְעִים וּמֵתִים (תנחומא, שמות כה):
The voice of the Lord breaks the cedars The kings of the nations, as the matter that is written (in I Sam. 7:10): “and the Lord thundered with a loud noise etc. upon the Philistines”; (in Isa. 30:31): “For from the Lord’s voice Assyria shall be broken.” And at the time of the giving of the Torah (Deut. 5: 23): “For who is there of all flesh who has heard the voice of the living God speak out of the fire as we have and remained alive?” You heard and remained alive, but the nations of the world would hear it and die.
ו׳
וַיַּרְקִידֵ֥ם כְּמוֹ־עֵ֑גֶל לְבָנ֥וֹן וְ֝שִׂרְיֹ֗ן כְּמ֣וֹ בֶן־רְאֵמִֽים׃
6
He makes Lebanon skip like a calf,
Sirion, like a young wild ox.
6
He maketh them also to skip like a calf; Lebanon and Sirion like a young wild-ox.
וַיַּרְקִידֵם כְּמוֹ עֵגֶל. אֶת הָאֲרָזִים וְאֶת הֶהָרִים שֶׁבָּאוּ לִשְׁמֹעַ מַתַּן תּוֹרָה (שמות יט:יז):
He causes them to dance like a calf The cedars and the mountains that came to hear the giving of the Torah.
לְבָנוֹן וְשִׂרְיוֹן. שֵׁמוֹת הֶהָרִים:
Lebanon and Sirion The names of mountains.
ז׳
קוֹל־יְהוָ֥ה חֹצֵ֗ב לַהֲב֥וֹת אֵֽשׁ׃
7
The voice of the LORD kindles flames of fire;
7
The voice of the LORD heweth out flames of fire.
חוֹצֵב לַהֲבוֹת אֵשׁ. טַיְלַנְ״ט בְּלַעַ״ז, וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ פֵּרְשׁוּ (מכילתא יתרו בחדש ט), שֶׁהָיָה הַדִּבּוּר שֶׁל עֲשֶׂרֶת הַדִּבְּרוֹת יוֹצֵא בְּלַהֲבוֹת אֵשׁ מִפִּיו וְנֶחְקָק עַל הַלּוּחוֹת כְּתַבְנִיתָם:
cleaves with flames of fire taylont in Old French, to cut. Our Sages (Mechilta ibid.) explained that the utterance of the Decalogue emanated from His mouth with a flame of fire and was engraved on the tablets according to their form.
ח׳
ק֣וֹל יְ֭הוָה יָחִ֣יל מִדְבָּ֑ר יָחִ֥יל יְ֝הוָ֗ה מִדְבַּ֥ר קָדֵֽשׁ׃
8
the voice of the LORD convulses the wilderness;
the LORD convulses the wilderness of Kadesh;
8
The voice of the LORD shaketh the wilderness; The LORD shaketh the wilderness of Kadesh.
יָחִיל מִדְבָּר. לְשׁוֹן ״חִיל כַּיּוֹלֵדָה״ (ירמיה ו:כד; תהלים מח:ז):
causes the desert to quake Heb. יחיל, an expression of (Jer. 6:24), “pain (חיל) as a woman in travail.”
יָחִיל ה׳ מִדְבַּר קָדֵשׁ. הוּא מִדְבַּר סִינַי, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ בְּמַסֶּכֶת שַׁבָּת (שבת פט.): חֲמִשָּׁה שֵׁמוֹת נִקְרְאוּ לוֹ: מִדְבַּר סִינַי, מִדְבַּר צִין, מִדְבַּר קָדֵשׁ, מִדְבַּר קַדְמוֹת, מִדְבַּר פָּארָן. מִדְבַּר קָדֵשׁ שֶׁנִּתְקַדְּשׁוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל עָלָיו:
the Lord causes the desert of Kadesh to quake That is the desert of Sinai, as our Sages said in Tractate Shabbath (89a): It was called by five names: the desert of Sinai, the desert of Zin, the desert of Kadesh, the desert of Kedemoth, the desert of Paran. [It was called] the desert of Kadesh because Israel was sanctified on its account.
ט׳
ק֤וֹל יְהוָ֨ה ׀ יְחוֹלֵ֣ל אַיָּלוֹת֮ וַֽיֶּחֱשֹׂ֪ף יְעָ֫ר֥וֹת וּבְהֵיכָל֑וֹ כֻּ֝לּ֗וֹ אֹמֵ֥ר כָּבֽוֹד׃
9
the voice of the LORD causes hinds to calve,
and strips forests bare;
while in His temple all say “Glory!”
9
The voice of the LORD maketh the hinds to calve, And strippeth the forests bare; And in His temple all say: 'Glory.'
קוֹל ה׳ יְחוֹלֵל אַיָּלוֹת. יְפַחִיד וְיָחִיל לֶעָתִיד אֶת הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת, שֶׁהֵם עַכְשָׁיו עוֹמְדִים בְּחוֹזֶק כְּאַיָּלוֹת, כְּעִנְיָן שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״מְשַׁוֶּה רַגְלַי כָּאַיָּלוֹת״ (תהלים יח:לד). אָמַר רַבִּי פִּנְחָס: כָּאֵילִים אֵין כְּתִיב כָּאן אֶלָּא כָּאַיָּלוֹת, כַּנְּקֵבוֹת שֶׁרַגְלֵי הַנְּקֵבוֹת עוֹמְדוֹת בְּיוֹשֶׁר יוֹתֵר מִן הַזְּכָרִים. לָשׁוֹן אַחֵר: יְחוֹלֵל קְרִיאָ״ה בְּלַעַ״ז, כְּמוֹ ״לִפְנֵי גְבָעוֹת חוֹלָלְתִּי״ (משלי ח:כה) (ס״א אינו):
The voice of the Lord will frighten the hinds In the future, it will frighten the nations of the world and cause [them] to quake, those who are now standing firmly like hinds, as the matter that is stated (above 18:34): “He makes my feet like hinds.” Said Rabbi Phinehas: It does not say, “like harts,” but “like hinds,” like the females, because the feet of the females stand straighter than those of the males (Mid. Ps. 22:1). Another explanation: יחולל is kria in Old French, to create, as (in Prov. 8: 25), “before the hills, I was created (חוללתי).”
וַיֶּחֱשֹׂף יְעָרוֹת. כְּמוֹ ״מַחְשֹׂף הַלָּבָן״ (בראשית ל:לז), יְקַלֵּף עֲצֵי הַיַּעַר, כְּלוֹמַר יַפְשִׁיט מִכְּבוֹדָם הַמְּשׁוּלִים כַּעֲצֵי הַיַּעַר ״אֲשֶׁר כְּגֹבַהּ אֲרָזִים גָּבְהוֹ״ (עמוס ב:ט):
and strip the forests Like (Gen. 30:37), “by uncovering (מחשף) the white.” He will strip the forest trees, i.e., he will strip the nations, compared to forest trees, of their glory, as is stated (in Amos 2:9): “whose height is as the height of the cedar trees.”
וּבְהֵיכָלוֹ. שֶׁיִּבָּנֶה:
and in His Temple which will be built.
כֻּלּוֹ אוֹמֵר כָּבוֹד. הַכֹּל יְקַלְּסוּהוּ שָׁם וְיֹאמְרוּ:
everyone speaks of His glory Everyone will praise Him there and say...
י׳
יְ֭הוָה לַמַּבּ֣וּל יָשָׁ֑ב וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב יְ֝הוָ֗ה מֶ֣לֶךְ לְעוֹלָֽם׃
10
The LORD sat enthroned at the Flood;
the LORD sits enthroned, king forever.
10
The LORD sat enthroned at the flood; Yea, the LORD sitteth as King for ever.
ה׳ לַמַּבּוּל יָשָׁב. בִּגְדֻלָּתוֹ יְחִידִי, וְגַם עַתָּה וַיֵּשֶׁב ה׳ לְבַדּוֹ מֶלֶךְ לְעוֹלָם, ״וְהָאֱלִילִים כָּלִיל יַחֲלֹף״ (ישעיה ב:יח), אֲבָל לְעַמּוֹ יִתֵּן עֹז וּבִרְכַּת שָׁלוֹם. וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ דְּרָשׁוּהוּ בְּמַתַּן תּוֹרָה (מדרש תהלים כט:ב) שֶׁנִּתְפַּחֲדוּ וְנִתְבַּהֲלוּ הָאֻמּוֹת וּבָאוּ לָהֶם אֵצֶל בִּלְעָם וְאָמְרוּ לוֹ: מַה קּוֹל הֶהָמוֹן שֶׁשָּׁמַעְנוּ? שֶׁמָּא מַבּוּל הוּא בָּא לְהָבִיא לָעוֹלָם? אָמַר לָהֶם: כְּבָר נִשְׁבַּע שֶׁלֹּא יָבִיא מַבּוּל, אֶלָּא קוֹל הֶהָמוֹן שֶׁשְּׁמַעְתֶּם, הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא נוֹתֵן תּוֹרָה לְעַמּוֹ:
The Lord sat [enthroned] at the flood alone in His greatness, and now also, the Lord sits alone forever, “but the idols will completely pass away,” (as in Isa. 2:18), yet to His people He will give strength and a blessing of peace. Our Sages, however, expounded upon it in Midrash Psalms (29:2) that the nations became frightened and startled, and they came to Balaam and said to him, “What is the sound of the stirring that we heard? Is He going to bring a flood upon the world?” He replied to them, “He already swore that He would not bring a flood. Rather, the sound of the stirring that you heard is that the Holy One, blessed be He, is giving a Torah to His people.”
י"א
יְֽהוָ֗ה עֹ֭ז לְעַמּ֣וֹ יִתֵּ֑ן יְהוָ֓ה ׀ יְבָרֵ֖ךְ אֶת־עַמּ֣וֹ בַשָּׁלֽוֹם׃
11
May the LORD grant strength to His people;
may the LORD bestow on His people wellbeing.
11
The LORD will give strength unto His people; The LORD will bless his people with peace.