א׳
לַמְנַצֵּ֬חַ ׀ עַֽל־הַגִּתִּ֬ית לְאָסָֽף׃
1
For the leader; on the gittith. Of Asaph.
1
For the Leader; upon the Gittith. [A Psalm] of Asaph.
עַל הַגִּתִּית. כְּלִי שִׁיר הַבָּא מִגַּת:
on the gittith A musical instrument that comes from Gath.
ב׳
הַ֭רְנִינוּ לֵאלֹהִ֣ים עוּזֵּ֑נוּ הָ֝רִ֗יעוּ לֵאלֹהֵ֥י יַעֲקֹֽב׃
2
Sing joyously to God, our strength;
raise a shout for the God of Jacob.
2
Sing aloud unto God our strength; shout unto the God of Jacob.
הָרִיעוּ. בְּרֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה (ראש השנה ל:):
sound the shofar on Rosh Hashanah.
ג׳
שְֽׂאוּ־זִ֭מְרָה וּתְנוּ־תֹ֑ף כִּנּ֖וֹר נָעִ֣ים עִם־נָֽבֶל׃
3
Take up the song,
sound the timbrel,
the melodious lyre and harp.
3
Take up the melody, and sound the timbrel, the sweet harp with the psaltery.
כִּנּוֹר נָעִים עִם נָבֶל. רַבִּי חִיָּיא בַּר אַבָּא אוֹמֵר: הוּא נֵבֶל הוּא כִּנּוֹר, וְרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר: נִימִין (וִיתֵדוֹת) יְתֵרוֹת שֶׁבֵּין זֶה לָזֶה. לָמָּה נִקְרָא שְׁמוֹ נֵבֶל? שֶׁהוּא מְנַבֵּל כָּל מִינֵי זֶמֶר:
a pleasant harp with a lyre Rabbi Chiyya bar Abba says: The “kinnor” and the “nevel” are the same. Rabbi Simon says: The [number of] strings distinguishes one from the other. Why is it called “nevel”? Because it puts all other types of music to shame.
ד׳
תִּקְע֣וּ בַחֹ֣דֶשׁ שׁוֹפָ֑ר בַּ֝כֵּ֗סֶה לְי֣וֹם חַגֵּֽנוּ׃
4
Blow the horn on the new moon,
on the full moon for our feast day.
4
Blow the horn at the new moon, at the full moon for our feast-day.
בַּחֹדֶשׁ. בְּחִדּוּשׁ הַלְּבָנָה:
on the New Moon When the moon renews itself.
בַּכֵּסֶה. יוֹם מוֹעֵד קָבוּעַ לְכָךְ, וְכֵן ״לְיוֹם הַכֵּסֶא יָבֹא בֵיתוֹ״ (משלי ז:כ) – לַמּוֹעֵד הַקָּבוּעַ (ביצה טז.):
on the appointed time The appointed day for it, and so (Prov. 7:20): “on the appointed day (בכסה) he will come home”; to the appointed time that had been fixed.
ה׳
כִּ֤י חֹ֣ק לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל ה֑וּא מִ֝שְׁפָּ֗ט לֵאלֹהֵ֥י יַעֲקֹֽב׃
5
For it is a law for Israel,
a ruling of the God of Jacob;
5
For it is a statute for Israel, an ordinance of the God of Jacob.
כִּי חֹק. הוּא לְיִשְׂרָאֵל מֵאֵת הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לִתְקֹעַ בְּאוֹתוֹ הַיּוֹם, וְהוּא יוֹם הַמִּשְׁפָּט לְהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא:
For it is a statute for Israel from the Holy One, blessed be He, to sound the shofar on that day, the day of the judgment of the Holy One, blessed be He.
ו׳
עֵ֤דוּת ׀ בִּֽיה֘וֹסֵ֤ף שָׂמ֗וֹ בְּ֭צֵאתוֹ עַל־אֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם שְׂפַ֖ת לֹא־יָדַ֣עְתִּי אֶשְׁמָֽע׃
6
He imposed it as a decree upon Joseph
when he went forth from the land of Egypt;
I heard a language that I knew not.
6
He appointed it in Joseph for a testimony, when He went forth against the land of Egypt. The speech of one that I knew not did I hear:
עֵדוּת בִּיהוֹסֵף שָׂמוֹ. בְּרֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה יָצָא יוֹסֵף מִבֵּית הָאֲסוּרִים (ראש השנה י:):
As a testimony for Jehoseph He ordained it On Rosh Hashanah, Joseph went out of prison.
שְׂפַת לֹא יָדַעְתִּי אֶשְׁמָע. מְפֹרָשׁ בְּמַסֶּכֶת סוֹטָה (סוטה לו:), שֶׁלִּמְּדוֹ גַבְרִיאֵל שִׁבְעִים לָשׁוֹן:
[when] I understood a language that I had not known It is explained in tractate Sotah (36b) that [the angel] Gabriel taught him seventy languages.
ז׳
הֲסִיר֣וֹתִי מִסֵּ֣בֶל שִׁכְמ֑וֹ כַּ֝פָּ֗יו מִדּ֥וּד תַּעֲבֹֽרְנָה׃
7
I relieved his shoulder of the burden,
his hands were freed from the basket.
7
'I removed his shoulder from the burden; His hands were freed from the basket.
מִדּוּד. מֵעֲבוֹדַת עַבְדוּת לְבַשֵּׁל קְדֵרוֹת כְּדֶרֶךְ שְׁאָר הָעֲבָדִים:
from the cauldron From slave labor to cook the pots in the manner of other slaves.
מִדּוּד. קְדֵרָה, כְּמוֹ ״וְהִכָּה בַכִּיּוֹר אוֹ בַדּוּד״ (שמואל א ב:יד):
from the cauldron Heb. מדוד, a pot, as (I Sam. 2:14): “And he would thrust into the fire-pot or into the pot (הדוד).”
ח׳
בַּצָּרָ֥ה קָרָ֗אתָ וָאֲחַ֫לְּצֶ֥ךָּ אֶ֭עֶנְךָ בְּסֵ֣תֶר רַ֑עַם אֶבְחָֽנְךָ֨ עַל־מֵ֖י מְרִיבָ֣ה סֶֽלָה׃
8
In distress you called and I rescued you;
I answered you from the secret place of thunder
I tested you at the waters of Meribah. Selah.
8
Thou didst call in trouble, and I rescued thee; I answered thee in the secret place of thunder; I proved thee at the waters of Meribah. Selah
בַּצָּרָה קָרָאתָ. לִי כֻּלְּכֶם קְרָאתֶם מִצָּרַת עֲבוֹדַת סִבְלוֹת מִצְרַיִם, וָאֲחַלֵּץ אֶתְכֶם:
In distress, you called to Me, all of you. You called from the distress of the labor of the burdens of Egypt, and I released you.
אֶעֶנְךָ בְּסֵתֶר רַעַם. אַתָּה קְרָאתַנִי בְּסֵתֶר, בֵּינִי וּבֵינֶךָ, וַאֲנִי עָנִיתִיךָ בְּקוֹל רַעַם; הוֹדַעְתִּי גְּבוּרוֹת וְנוֹרָאוֹת בְּפַרְהֶסְיָא:
I answered you in secret with thunder You called in secret between Me and you, but I answered you with a voice of thunder; I made known My might and My awesome deeds in public.
אֶבְחָנְךָ עַל מֵי מְרִיבָה סֶלָה. וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁגָּלוּי וּבָחוּן לְפָנַי, שֶׁאַתֶּם עֲתִידִים לְהַמְרוֹתִי בְּמֵי מְרִיבָה (במדבר כ), כָּךְ שְׁנוּיָה בַּמְּכִילְתָּא (מכילתא יתרו בחדש א):
I tried you by the waters of Meribah, forever Although it was revealed and tried before Me that you were destined to provoke Me with the waters of Meribah. So it was taught in Mechilta (Exod. 19:2).
ט׳
שְׁמַ֣ע עַ֭מִּי וְאָעִ֣ידָה בָּ֑ךְ יִ֝שְׂרָאֵ֗ל אִם־תִּֽשְׁמַֽע־לִֽי׃
9
Hear, My people, and I will admonish you;
Israel, if you would but listen to Me!
9
Hear, O My people, and I will admonish thee: O Israel, if thou wouldest hearken unto Me!
שְׁמַע עַמִּי. אַחֲרֵי שֶׁכָּל זֹאת עָשִׂיתִי לְךָ, כְּדַאי אַתָּה לִשְׁמֹעַ לִי:
Hearken, My people Since I did all this for you, it is fitting for you to hearken to Me.
י׳
לֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֣ה בְ֭ךָ אֵ֣ל זָ֑ר וְלֹ֥א תִ֝שְׁתַּחֲוֶ֗ה לְאֵ֣ל נֵכָֽר׃
10
You shall have no foreign god,
you shall not bow to an alien god.
10
There shall no strange god be in thee; neither shalt thou worship any foreign god.
י"א
אָנֹכִ֨י ׀ יְה֘וָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֗יךָ הַֽ֭מַּעַלְךָ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם הַרְחֶב־פִּ֝֗יךָ וַאֲמַלְאֵֽהוּ׃
11
I the LORD am your God
who brought you out of the land of Egypt;
open your mouth wide and I will fill it.
11
I am the LORD thy God, who brought thee up out of the land of Egypt; open thy mouth wide, and I will fill it.
הַרְחֶב פִּיךָ. לִשְׁאוֹל מִמֶּנִּי כָּל תַּאֲוַת לִבְּךָ:
open your mouth wide to request of Me whatever your heart desires.
וַאֲמַלְאֵהוּ. כְּכָל אֲשֶׁר תִּשְׁאַל אֲמַלֵּא:
and I shall fill it According to whatever you ask I will fill.
י"ב
וְלֹא־שָׁמַ֣ע עַמִּ֣י לְקוֹלִ֑י וְ֝יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל לֹא־אָ֥בָה לִֽי׃
12
But My people would not listen to Me,
Israel would not obey Me.
12
But My people hearkened not to My voice; And Israel would none of Me.
י"ג
וָֽ֭אֲשַׁלְּחֵהוּ בִּשְׁרִיר֣וּת לִבָּ֑ם יֵ֝לְכ֗וּ בְּֽמוֹעֲצוֹתֵיהֶֽם׃
13
So I let them go after their willful heart
that they might follow their own devices.
13
So I let them go after the stubbornness of their heart, That they might walk in their own counsels.
בִּשְׁרִירוּת לִבָּם. בְּמַרְאִית לִבָּם, כְּמוֹ ״לְמַעַן שׁוֹרְרָי״ (תהלים ה:ט):
after their heart’s fantasies Heb. בשרירותלבם, after the views of their heart, as (above 5: 9): “because of those who lie in wait for me (שוררי).”
י"ד
ל֗וּ עַ֭מִּי שֹׁמֵ֣עַֽ לִ֑י יִ֝שְׂרָאֵ֗ל בִּדְרָכַ֥י יְהַלֵּֽכוּ׃
14
If only My people would listen to Me,
if Israel would follow My paths,
14
Oh that My people would hearken unto Me, That Israel would walk in My ways!
לוּ עַמִּי שׁוֹמֵעַ לִי. עֲדַיִן אִם הָיוּ רוֹצִין לָשׁוּב לִי וְלִשְׁמֹעַ אֵלַי:
If only My people would hearken to Me Still, if they desired to return to Me and to hearken to Me...
ט"ו
כִּ֭מְעַט אוֹיְבֵיהֶ֣ם אַכְנִ֑יעַ וְעַ֥ל צָ֝רֵיהֶ֗ם אָשִׁ֥יב יָדִֽי׃
15
then would I subdue their enemies at once,
strike their foes again and again.
15
I would soon subdue their enemies, And turn My hand against their adversaries.
כִּמְעַט אוֹיְבֵיהֶם אַכְנִיעַ. בְּשָׁעָה מוּעֶטֶת הָיִיתִי מַכְנִיעַ אוֹיְבֵיהֶם:
In a short time I would subdue their enemies In a short time I would subdue their enemies.
אָשִׁיב יָדִי. אָשִׁיב מַכָּתִי מֵעֲלֵיכֶם לָתֵת אוֹתָהּ עֲלֵיהֶם, וְאָז:
I would return My hand I would return my blow from upon you to lay it upon them, and then...
ט"ז
מְשַׂנְאֵ֣י יְ֭הוָה יְכַֽחֲשׁוּ־ל֑וֹ וִיהִ֖י עִתָּ֣ם לְעוֹלָֽם׃
16
Those who hate the LORD shall cower before Him;
their doom shall be eternal.
16
The haters of the LORD should dwindle away before Him; And their punishment should endure for ever.
מְשַׂנְאֵי ה׳ יְכַחֲשׁוּ לוֹ וִיהִי עִתָּם. פּוּרְעָנוּתָם לְעוֹלָם:
The enemies of the Lord would lie to Him, and their time would be [The time of] their retribution [would be] forever.
י"ז
וַֽ֭יַּאֲכִילֵהוּ מֵחֵ֣לֶב חִטָּ֑ה וּ֝מִצּ֗וּר דְּבַ֣שׁ אַשְׂבִּיעֶֽךָ׃
17
He fed them the finest wheat;
I sated you with honey from the rock.
17
They should also be fed with the fat of wheat; and with honey out of the rock would I satisfy thee.'
וַיַּאֲכִילֵהוּ. לְיִשְׂרָאֵל:
Then He would feed them Israel.
וּמִצּוּר. הִשְׂבִּיעָם דְּבַשׁ כְּשֶׁהָלְכוּ בִדְרָכָיו, כְּעִנְיָן שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וַיֵּנִקֵהוּ דְבַשׁ מִסֶּלַע״ (דברים לב:יג):
and...from a rock He sated them with honey when they went in His ways, as the matter that is stated (Deut. 32:13): “He suckled them with honey from the rock.”