א׳
מַ֝שְׂכִּ֗יל לְאֵיתָ֥ן הָֽאֶזְרָחִֽי׃
1
A maskil of Ethan the Ezrahite.
1
Maschil of Ethan the Ezrahite.
לְאֵיתָן הָאֶזְרָחִי. גַּם הוּא אֶחָד מִן חֲמִשָּׁה אַחִים הַמְשׁוֹרְרִים, וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ פֵּרְשׁוּהוּ (בבא בתרא טו.) בְּאַבְרָהָם אָבִינוּ עַל שֵׁם ״מִי הֵעִיר מִמִּזְרָח״ (ישעיהו מא:ב):
of Ethan the Ezrahite He, too, was one of the five musician brothers. [See above 88:1.] But our Sages (B.B. 15a) explained it as referring to our father Abraham, based on (Isa. 41:2): “Who aroused from the East (ממזרח).”
ב׳
חַֽסְדֵ֣י יְ֭הוָה עוֹלָ֣ם אָשִׁ֑ירָה לְדֹ֥ר וָדֹ֓ר ׀ אוֹדִ֖יעַ אֱמוּנָתְךָ֣ בְּפִֽי׃
2
I will sing of the LORD’s steadfast love forever;
to all generations I will proclaim Your faithfulness with my mouth.
2
I will sing of the mercies of the LORD for ever; To all generations will I make known Thy faithfulness with my mouth.
אוֹדִיעַ אֱמוּנָתְךָ בְּפִי. אֶת שֶׁיְּדַעְתִּיךָ, שֶׁאַתָּה שׁוֹמֵר הַבְטָחָתְךָ וּמְאַמֵּן דְּבָרֶיךָ:
I shall make known Your faithfulness, with my mouth What I know of You: that You keep Your promise and fulfill Your words.
ג׳
כִּֽי־אָמַ֗רְתִּי ע֭וֹלָם חֶ֣סֶד יִבָּנֶ֑ה שָׁמַ֓יִם ׀ תָּכִ֖ן אֱמוּנָתְךָ֣ בָהֶֽם׃
3
I declare, “Your steadfast love is confirmed forever;
there in the heavens You establish Your faithfulness.”
3
For I have said: 'For ever is mercy built; In the very heavens Thou dost establish Thy faithfulness.
כִּי אָמַרְתִּי עוֹלָם חֶסֶד יִבָּנֶה. כִּי אָמַרְתִּי: עַד עוֹלָם יִבָּנֶה בְחֶסֶד כִּסֵּא דָוִד, כְּמוֹ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״וְכֹנַנְתִּי כִּסֵּא מַמְלַכְתּוֹ וְגוֹ׳״ (שמואל ב ז:יג). דָּבָר אַחֵר: סָבוּר הָיִיתִי שֶׁיְּהֵא הָעוֹלָם בָּנוּי בְּחַסְדְּךָ וְתָכִין אֱמוּנָתְךָ בַשָּׁמַיִם, שֶׁתְּהֵא נְכוֹנָה וּמְקֻיֶּמֶת. וּמַה הִיא הָאֱמוּנָה? אוֹתָהּ הַהַבְטָחָה שֶׁהִבְטַחְתָּ אֶת דָּוִד עַל יְדֵי נָתָן הַנָּבִיא לֵאמֹר: כָּרַתִּי בְרִית לִבְחִירִי לְהָכִין עַד עוֹלָם זַרְעוֹ:
For I said, “Forever will it be built with kindness” For I said, “Forever the throne of David will be built with kindness,” as it is said (II Sam. 7:13): “and I shall establish the throne of his kingdom, etc.” Another explanation: I thought that the world would be built with Your kindness and that You would establish Your faithfulness in the heavens, to be established and made permanent. Now what is the faithfulness? That promise You promised David through Nathan the prophet, saying, “I formed a covenant with My chosen one to establish his seed until eternity.”
ד׳
כָּרַ֣תִּֽי בְ֭רִית לִבְחִירִ֑י נִ֝שְׁבַּ֗עְתִּי לְדָוִ֥ד עַבְדִּֽי׃
4
“I have made a covenant with My chosen one;
I have sworn to My servant David:
4
I have made a covenant with My chosen, I have sworn unto David My servant:
ה׳
עַד־ע֭וֹלָם אָכִ֣ין זַרְעֶ֑ךָ וּבָנִ֨יתִי לְדֹר־וָד֖וֹר כִּסְאֲךָ֣ סֶֽלָה׃
5
I will establish your offspring forever,
I will confirm your throne for all generations.” Selah.
5
For ever will I establish thy seed, And build up thy throne to all generations.' Selah
ו׳
וְי֘וֹד֤וּ שָׁמַ֣יִם פִּלְאֲךָ֣ יְהוָ֑ה אַף־אֱ֝מֽוּנָתְךָ֗ בִּקְהַ֥ל קְדֹשִֽׁים׃
6
Your wonders, O LORD, are praised by the heavens,
Your faithfulness, too, in the assembly of holy beings.
6
So shall the heavens praise Thy wonders, O LORD, Thy faithfulness also in the assembly of the holy ones.
וְיוֹדוּ שָׁמַיִם פִּלְאֲךָ. אִם הָיִיתָ שׁוֹמֵר הַבְטָחָתְךָ:
And the heavens acknowledge Your wonder If You had kept Your promise.
אַף אֱמוּנָתְךָ. אֱמוּנַת דְּבָרֶיךָ יוֹדוּ בִּקְהַל קְדוֹשִׁים:
and Your faithfulness in the congregation of the holy ones The realization of Your words they will acknowledge in the congregation of the holy ones.
ז׳
כִּ֤י מִ֣י בַ֭שַּׁחַק יַעֲרֹ֣ךְ לַיהוָ֑ה יִדְמֶ֥ה לַ֝יהוָ֗ה בִּבְנֵ֥י אֵלִים׃
7
For who in the skies can equal the LORD,
can compare with the LORD among the divine beings,
7
For who in the skies can be compared unto the LORD, Who among the sons of might can be likened unto the LORD,
יַעֲרֹךְ לַה׳. יְהֵא נַעֲרָץ כְּמוֹתוֹ:
is equal to the Lord Can be evaluated like Him.
ח׳
אֵ֣ל נַ֭עֲרָץ בְּסוֹד־קְדֹשִׁ֣ים רַבָּ֑ה וְ֝נוֹרָ֗א עַל־כָּל־סְבִיבָֽיו׃
8
a God greatly dreaded in the council of holy beings,
held in awe by all around Him?
8
A God dreaded in the great council of the holy ones, And feared of all them that are about Him?
בְּסוֹד קְדוֹשִׁים רַבָּה. בְּסוֹד רַב שֶׁל מַלְאָכִים:
in the great council of the holy ones In the great council of the angels.
ט׳
יְהוָ֤ה ׀ אֱלֹ֘הֵ֤י צְבָא֗וֹת מִֽי־כָֽמ֖וֹךָ חֲסִ֥ין ׀ יָ֑הּ וֶ֝אֱמֽוּנָתְךָ֗ סְבִיבוֹתֶֽיךָ׃
9
O LORD, God of hosts,
who is mighty like You, O LORD?
Your faithfulness surrounds You;
9
O LORD God of hosts, Who is a mighty one, like unto Thee, O LORD? And Thy faithfulness is round about Thee.
י׳
אַתָּ֣ה מ֭וֹשֵׁל בְּגֵא֣וּת הַיָּ֑ם בְּשׂ֥וֹא גַ֝לָּ֗יו אַתָּ֥ה תְשַׁבְּחֵֽם׃
10
You rule the swelling of the sea;
when its waves surge, You still them.
10
Thou rulest the proud swelling of the sea; When the waves thereof arise, Thou stillest them.
בְּשׂוֹא גַלָּיו. בְּהִנָּשֵׂא גַלָּיו:
when it raises its waves When its waves are raised.
אַתָּה תְשַׁבְּחֵם. תַּשְׁפִּילֵם, וְכֵן ״וְחָכָם בְּאָחוֹר יְשַׁבְּחֶנָּה״ (משלי כט:יא), וְכֵן ״מַשְׁבִּיחַ שְׁאוֹן יַמִּים״ (תהלים סה:ח):
You humble them Heb. תשבחם, You humble them, and similarly, (Prov. 29:11): “but afterwards a wise man will quiet it (ושבחנה)”; and similarly (above 65:8): “Who humbles (משביח) the roaring of the seas.”
י"א
אַתָּ֤ה דִכִּ֣אתָ כֶחָלָ֣ל רָ֑הַב בִּזְר֥וֹעַ עֻ֝זְּךָ֗ פִּזַּ֥רְתָּ אוֹיְבֶֽיךָ׃
11
You crushed Rahab; he was like a corpse;
with Your powerful arm You scattered Your enemies.
11
Thou didst crush Rahab, as one that is slain; Thou didst scattered Thine enemies with the arm of Thy strength.
רָהַב. מִצְרַיִם (ישעיהו ל:ז):
Rahab Egypt.
י"ב
לְךָ֣ שָׁ֭מַיִם אַף־לְךָ֥ אָ֑רֶץ תֵּבֵ֥ל וּ֝מְלֹאָ֗הּ אַתָּ֥ה יְסַדְתָּֽם׃
12
The heaven is Yours,
the earth too;
the world and all it holds—
You established them.
12
Thine are the heavens, Thine also the earth; The world and the fulness thereof, Thou hast founded them.
י"ג
צָפ֣וֹן וְ֭יָמִין אַתָּ֣ה בְרָאתָ֑ם תָּב֥וֹר וְ֝חֶרְמ֗וֹן בְּשִׁמְךָ֥ יְרַנֵּֽנוּ׃
13
North and south—
You created them;
Tabor and Hermon sing forth Your name.
13
The north and the south, Thou hast created them; Tabor and Hermon rejoice in Thy name.
י"ד
לְךָ֣ זְ֭רוֹעַ עִם־גְּבוּרָ֑ה תָּעֹ֥ז יָ֝דְךָ֗ תָּר֥וּם יְמִינֶֽךָ׃
14
Yours is an arm endowed with might;
Your hand is strong;
Your right hand, exalted.
14
Thine is an arm with might; Strong is Thy hand, and exalted is Thy right hand.
ט"ו
צֶ֣דֶק וּ֭מִשְׁפָּט מְכ֣וֹן כִּסְאֶ֑ךָ חֶ֥סֶד וֶ֝אֱמֶ֗ת יְֽקַדְּמ֥וּ פָנֶֽיךָ׃
15
Righteousness and justice are the base of Your throne;
steadfast love and faithfulness stand before You.
15
Righteousness and justice are the foundation of Thy throne; Mercy and truth go before Thee.
ט"ז
אַשְׁרֵ֣י הָ֭עָם יוֹדְעֵ֣י תְרוּעָ֑ה יְ֝הוָ֗ה בְּֽאוֹר־פָּנֶ֥יךָ יְהַלֵּכֽוּן׃
16
Happy is the people who know the joyful shout;
O LORD, they walk in the light of Your presence.
16
Happy is the people that know the joyful shout; They walk, O LORD, in the light of Thy countenance.
יוֹדְעֵי תְרוּעָה. שֶׁיּוֹדְעִין לְרַצּוֹת אֶת בּוֹרְאָם בְּרֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה בִּתְרוּעָה, שֶׁמְּסַדְּרִים עָלֶיהָ מַלְכֻיּוֹת, זִכְרוֹנוֹת וְשׁוֹפָרוֹת (ויקרא רבה כט, ד):
that know the blasting of the shofar Who know how to appease their Creator on Rosh Hashanah with the blasts, upon which they arrange the blessings of “malchuyoth” (manifestations of God’s dominion), “zichronoth” (remembrances), and “shofaroth.”
י"ז
בְּ֭שִׁמְךָ יְגִיל֣וּן כָּל־הַיּ֑וֹם וּבְצִדְקָתְךָ֥ יָרֽוּמוּ׃
17
They rejoice in Your name all day long;
they are exalted through Your righteousness.
17
In Thy name do they rejoice all the day; And through Thy righteousness are they exalted.
י"ח
כִּֽי־תִפְאֶ֣רֶת עֻזָּ֣מוֹ אָ֑תָּה וּ֝בִרְצֹנְךָ֗ תרים [תָּר֥וּם] קַרְנֵֽנוּ׃
18
For You are their strength in which they glory;
our horn is exalted through Your favor.
18
For Thou art the glory of their strength; And in Thy favour our horn is exalted.
וּבִרְצוֹנְךָ. שֶׁאַתָּה מִתְרַצֶּה לָהֶם, אפימאנ״ט בְּלַעַ״ז:
and with Your favor that You are appeased by them (apayement in Old French), propitiation.
י"ט
כִּ֣י לַֽ֭יהוָה מָֽגִנֵּ֑נוּ וְלִקְד֖וֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל מַלְכֵּֽנוּ׃
19
Truly our shield is of the LORD,
our king, of the Holy One of Israel.
19
For of the LORD is our shield; And the Holy One of Israel is our king.
כ׳
אָ֤ז דִּבַּ֥רְתָּֽ־בְחָ֡זוֹן לַֽחֲסִידֶ֗יךָ וַתֹּ֗אמֶר שִׁוִּ֣יתִי עֵ֭זֶר עַל־גִּבּ֑וֹר הֲרִימ֖וֹתִי בָח֣וּר מֵעָֽם׃
20
Then You spoke to Your faithful ones in a vision
and said, “I have conferred power upon a warrior;
I have exalted one chosen out of the people.
20
Then Thou spokest in vision to Thy godly ones, And saidst: 'I have laid help upon one that is mighty; I have exalted one chosen out of the people.
לַחֲסִידֶיךָ. נָתָן הַנָּבִיא וְגָד הַחוֹזֶה:
to Your pious ones Nathan the prophet and Gad the seer.
שִׁוִּיתִי עֵזֶר. עַל דָּוִד, לַעֲזוֹר לוֹ תָּמִיד:
“I placed help” on David, to help him constantly.
כ"א
מָ֭צָאתִי דָּוִ֣ד עַבְדִּ֑י בְּשֶׁ֖מֶן קָדְשִׁ֣י מְשַׁחְתִּֽיו׃
21
I have found David, My servant;
anointed him with My sacred oil.
21
I have found David My servant; With My holy oil have I anointed him;
כ"ב
אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָ֭דִי תִּכּ֣וֹן עִמּ֑וֹ אַף־זְרוֹעִ֥י תְאַמְּצֶֽנּוּ׃
22
My hand shall be constantly with him,
and My arm shall strengthen him.
22
With whom My hand shall be established; Mine arm also shall strengthen him.
כ"ג
לֹֽא־יַשִּׁ֣א אוֹיֵ֣ב בּ֑וֹ וּבֶן־עַ֝וְלָ֗ה לֹ֣א יְעַנֶּֽנּוּ׃
23
No enemy shall oppress him,
no vile man afflict him.
23
The enemy shall not exact from him; Nor the son of wickedness afflict him.
לֹא יַשִּׁיא אוֹיֵב בּוֹ. לֹא יִגְבַּר עָלָיו לִהְיוֹת לוֹ כְּנוֹשֶׁה (שמות כב:כד):
No enemy will exact from him No enemy will overwhelm him to become as his creditor.
כ"ד
וְכַתּוֹתִ֣י מִפָּנָ֣יו צָרָ֑יו וּמְשַׂנְאָ֥יו אֶגּֽוֹף׃
24
I will crush his adversaries before him;
I will strike down those who hate him.
24
And I will beat to pieces his adversaries before him, And smite them that hate him.
כ"ה
וֶֽאֶֽמוּנָתִ֣י וְחַסְדִּ֣י עִמּ֑וֹ וּ֝בִשְׁמִ֗י תָּר֥וּם קַרְנֽוֹ׃
25
My faithfulness and steadfast love shall be with him;
his horn shall be exalted through My name.
25
But My faithfulness and My mercy shall be with him; And through My name shall his horn be exalted.
כ"ו
וְשַׂמְתִּ֣י בַיָּ֣ם יָד֑וֹ וּֽבַנְּהָר֥וֹת יְמִינֽוֹ׃
26
I will set his hand upon the sea,
his right hand upon the rivers.
26
I will set his hand also on the sea, And his right hand on the rivers.
כ"ז
ה֣וּא יִ֭קְרָאֵנִי אָ֣בִי אָ֑תָּה אֵ֝לִ֗י וְצ֣וּר יְשׁוּעָתִֽי׃
27
He shall say to Me,
‘You are my father, my God, the rock of my deliverance.’
27
He shall call unto Me: Thou art my Father, My God, and the rock of my salvation. .
כ"ח
אַף־אָ֭נִי בְּכ֣וֹר אֶתְּנֵ֑הוּ עֶ֝לְי֗וֹן לְמַלְכֵי־אָֽרֶץ׃
28
I will appoint him first-born,
highest of the kings of the earth.
28
I also will appoint him first-born, The highest of the kings of the earth.
בְּכוֹר אֶתְּנֵהוּ. גָּדוֹל אֶתְּנֵהוּ:
shall make him a firstborn I shall make him great.
כ"ט
לְ֭עוֹלָ֗ם אשמור־[אֶשְׁמָר־] ל֣וֹ חַסְדִּ֑י וּ֝בְרִיתִ֗י נֶאֱמֶ֥נֶת לֽוֹ׃
29
I will maintain My steadfast love for him always;
My covenant with him shall endure.
29
For ever will I keep for him My mercy, And My covenant shall stand fast with him.
ל׳
וְשַׂמְתִּ֣י לָעַ֣ד זַרְע֑וֹ וְ֝כִסְא֗וֹ כִּימֵ֥י שָׁמָֽיִם׃
30
I will establish his line forever,
his throne, as long as the heavens last.
30
His seed also will I make to endure for ever, And his throne as the days of heaven.
ל"א
אִם־יַֽעַזְב֣וּ בָ֭נָיו תּוֹרָתִ֑י וּ֝בְמִשְׁפָּטַ֗י לֹ֣א יֵלֵכֽוּן׃
31
If his sons forsake My Teaching
and do not live by My rules;
31
If his children forsake My law, And walk not in Mine ordinances; :
ל"ב
אִם־חֻקֹּתַ֥י יְחַלֵּ֑לוּ וּ֝מִצְוֺתַ֗י לֹ֣א יִשְׁמֹֽרוּ׃
32
if they violate My laws,
and do not observe My commands,
32
If they profane My statutes, And keep not My commandments;
ל"ג
וּפָקַדְתִּ֣י בְשֵׁ֣בֶט פִּשְׁעָ֑ם וּבִנְגָעִ֥ים עֲוֺנָֽם׃
33
I will punish their transgression with the rod,
their iniquity with plagues.
33
Then will I visit their transgression with the rod, And their iniquity with strokes.
וּפָקַדְתִּי בְשֵׁבֶט פִּשְׁעָם. כָּךְ אָמַר לוֹ נָתָן הַנָּבִיא עַל שְׁלֹמֹה (שמואל ב ז:יד): ״אֲשֶׁר בְּהַעֲוֹתוֹ וְהוֹכַחְתִּיו בְּשֵׁבֶט אֲנָשִׁים״, זֶה רְזוֹן בֶּן אֶלְיָדָע שֶׁעָמַד לְשָׂטָן לוֹ, וּבְנִגְעֵי בְנֵי אָדָם זֶה אַשְׁמְדַאי, שֶׁהַשֵּׁדִים בְּנֵי אָדָם הָרִאשׁוֹן הָיוּ (בראשית רבה כ:יא):
I shall punish their transgression with a rod So did Nathan the prophet say to him concerning Solomon (II Sam. 7:14): “so that when he goes astray, I will chasten him with the rod of men.” This refers to Rezon the son of Eliada, who rose up as an adversary to him: “and with the stripes of the sons of Adam.” This refers to Ashmadai, according to the Sages of blessed memory.
ל"ד
וְ֭חַסְדִּי לֹֽא־אָפִ֣יר מֵֽעִמּ֑וֹ וְלֹֽא־אֲ֝שַׁקֵּ֗ר בֶּאֱמוּנָתִֽי׃
34
But I will not take away My steadfast love from him;
I will not betray My faithfulness.
34
But My mercy will I not break off from him, Nor will I be false to My faithfulness.
ל"ה
לֹא־אֲחַלֵּ֥ל בְּרִיתִ֑י וּמוֹצָ֥א שְׂ֝פָתַ֗י לֹ֣א אֲשַׁנֶּֽה׃
35
I will not violate My covenant,
or change what I have uttered.
35
My covenant will I not profane, Nor alter that which is gone out of My lips.
ל"ו
אַ֭חַת נִשְׁבַּ֣עְתִּי בְקָדְשִׁ֑י אִֽם־לְדָוִ֥ד אֲכַזֵּֽב׃
36
I have sworn by My holiness, once and for all;
I will not be false to David.
36
Once have I sworn by My holiness: Surely I will not be false unto David;
אִם לְדָוִד אֲכַזֵּב. לְשׁוֹן ״לֹא יְכַזְּבוּ מֵימָיו״ (ישעיהו נח:יא), פיילנצ״א בְּלַעַ״ז:
that I will not fail David Heb. אכזב, an expression of (Isa. 58:11): “whose water does not fail (יכזבו),” faliance in Old French, failure; possibly from the Latin fallera, deception.
ל"ז
זַ֭רְעוֹ לְעוֹלָ֣ם יִהְיֶ֑ה וְכִסְא֖וֹ כַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ נֶגְדִּֽי׃
37
His line shall continue forever,
his throne, as the sun before Me,
37
His seed shall endure for ever, And his throne as the sun before Me.
ל"ח
כְּ֭יָרֵחַ יִכּ֣וֹן עוֹלָ֑ם וְעֵ֥ד בַּ֝שַּׁ֗חַק נֶאֱמָ֥ן סֶֽלָה׃
38
as the moon, established forever,
an enduring witness in the sky.” Selah.
38
It shall be established for ever as the moon; And be stedfast as the witness in sky.' Selah
וְעֵד בַּשָּׁחַק נֶאֱמָן. הַיָּרֵחַ וְהַשֶּׁמֶשׁ עֵדִים לוֹ, שֶׁכָּל זְמַן שֶׁהֵם קַיָּמִים, יִתְקַיֵּם מַלְכוּתוֹ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ירמיהו לג:כ-כא): ״אִם תָּפֵרוּ אֶת בְּרִיתִי הַיּוֹם וְאֶת בְּרִיתִי הַלָּיְלָה גַּם בְּרִיתִי תוּפַר אֶת דָּוִד עַבְדִּי״:
and it is a witness in the sky, true The moon and the sun are witnesses to him that as long as they exist, his kingdom will exist, as it is written (Jer. 33:20f.): “If you break My covenant with the day and My covenant with the night, etc. Also My covenant with David will be broken.”
ל"ט
וְאַתָּ֣ה זָ֭נַחְתָּ וַתִּמְאָ֑ס הִ֝תְעַבַּ֗רְתָּ עִם־מְשִׁיחֶֽךָ׃
39
Yet You have rejected, spurned,
and become enraged at Your anointed.
39
But Thou hast cast off and rejected, Thou hast been wroth with Thine anointed.
וְאַתָּה זָנַחְתָּ. דִּקְדַּקְתָּ אַחַר בָּנָיו לַחֲשׁוֹב עֲוֹנָם, עַד אֲשֶׁר זְנַחְתָּם וּמְאַסְתָּם בִּימֵי צִדְקִיָּהוּ (מלכים ב כה:א):
But You abandoned You dealt strictly with his children in counting their iniquity until You abandoned them and You rejected them in the days of Zedekiah.
מ׳
נֵ֭אַרְתָּה בְּרִ֣ית עַבְדֶּ֑ךָ חִלַּ֖לְתָּ לָאָ֣רֶץ נִזְרֽוֹ׃
40
You have repudiated the covenant with Your servant;
You have dragged his dignity in the dust.
40
Thou hast abhorred the covenant of Thy servant; Thou hast profaned his crown even to the ground.
נֵאַרְתָּה. בִּטַּלְתָּ:
You abrogated You nullified.
מ"א
פָּרַ֥צְתָּ כָל־גְּדֵרֹתָ֑יו שַׂ֖מְתָּ מִבְצָרָ֣יו מְחִתָּה׃
41
You have breached all his defenses,
shattered his strongholds.
41
Thou hast broken down all his fences; Thou hast brought his strongholds to ruin.
כָּל גְּדֵרוֹתָיו. שֶׁבָּנָה בִּירוּשָׁלַיִם:
all his fences which he built in Jerusalem.
מִבְצָרָיו. הַר הַבַּיִת וּמְצוּדַת צִיּוֹן:
his fortifications The Temple Mount and the stronghold of Zion.
מ"ב
שַׁ֭סֻּהוּ כָּל־עֹ֣בְרֵי דָ֑רֶךְ הָיָ֥ה חֶ֝רְפָּ֗ה לִשְׁכֵנָֽיו׃
42
All who pass by plunder him;
he has become the butt of his neighbors.
42
All that pass by the way spoil him; He is become a taunt to his neighbours.
מ"ג
הֲ֭רִימוֹתָ יְמִ֣ין צָרָ֑יו הִ֝שְׂמַ֗חְתָּ כָּל־אוֹיְבָֽיו׃
43
You have exalted the right hand of his adversaries,
and made all his enemies rejoice.
43
Thou hast exalted the right hand of his adversaries; Thou hast made all his enemies to rejoice.
מ"ד
אַף־תָּ֭שִׁיב צ֣וּר חַרְבּ֑וֹ וְלֹ֥א הֲ֝קֵימֹת֗וֹ בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה׃
44
You have turned back the blade of his sword,
and have not sustained him in battle.
44
Yea, Thou turnest back the edge of his sword, And hast not made him to stand in the battle.
אַף תָּשִׁיב צוּר חַרְבּוֹ. הֲשִׁיבוֹתָ אָחוֹר וְהָפַכְתָּ אֶת חִדּוּד חַרְבּוֹ, כְּמוֹ ״חַרְבוֹת צֻרִים״ (יהושע ה:ב), וְכֵן ״כָּל כְּלִי יוּצַר עָלַיִךְ״ (ישעיהו נד:יז):
You even turned back the sharp edge of his sword You turned back and reversed the sharp edge of his sword, as (Josh. 5:2): “sharp (צרים) knives,” and likewise (Isa. 54:17): “Any weapon whetted (יוצר) against you.”
וְלֹא הֲקֵימוֹתוֹ. וְלֹא הֶעֱמַדְתּוֹ מִלִּפּוֹל:
and You did not raise him up in battle And You did not hold him upright so that he should not fall.
מ"ה
הִשְׁבַּ֥תָּ מִטְּהָר֑וֹ וְ֝כִסְא֗וֹ לָאָ֥רֶץ מִגַּֽרְתָּה׃
45
You have brought his splendor to an end
and have hurled his throne to the ground.
45
Thou hast made his brightness to cease, And cast his throne down to the ground.
הִשְׁבַּתָּ מִטְּהָרוֹ. זְרִיחָתוֹ, כְּמוֹ ״צָהֳרַיִם״ דִּמְתַרְגְּמִינָן: ״טִיהֲרָא״, וּכְמוֹ (שמות כד:י) ״וּכְעֶצֶם הַשָּׁמַיִם לָטֹהַר״:
You have brought an end to his shining Heb. מטהרו, his shining, as צהרים, noon, is translated טהרא, and like (Exod. 24:10): “and like the appearance of the heaven for splendor (לטהר).”
לָאָרֶץ מִגַּרְתָּה. הִשְׁפַּלְתָּ וְהִשְׁחַתָּ, כָּל לְשׁוֹן שְׁחִיָּה בְּתַרְגּוּם יוֹנָתָן ״מְגַר״:
You have cast down to the earth Heb. מגרת. You have humbled and destroyed. Every expression of bending down is, in Targum Jonathan, מגר.
מ"ו
הִ֭קְצַרְתָּ יְמֵ֣י עֲלוּמָ֑יו הֶֽעֱטִ֨יתָ עָלָ֖יו בּוּשָׁ֣ה סֶֽלָה׃
46
You have cut short the days of his youth;
You have covered him with shame. Selah.
46
The days of his youth hast Thou shortened; Thou hast covered him with shame. Selah
מ"ז
עַד־מָ֣ה יְ֭הוָה תִּסָּתֵ֣ר לָנֶ֑צַח תִּבְעַ֖ר כְּמוֹ־אֵ֣שׁ חֲמָתֶֽךָ׃
47
How long, O LORD; will You forever hide Your face,
will Your fury blaze like fire?
47
How long, O LORD, wilt Thou hide Thyself for ever? How long shall Thy wrath burn like fire?
מ"ח
זְכָר־אֲנִ֥י מֶה־חָ֑לֶד עַל־מַה־שָּׁ֝֗וְא בָּרָ֥אתָ כָל־בְּנֵי־אָדָֽם׃
48
O remember how short my life is;
why should You have created every man in vain?
48
O remember how short my time is; For what vanity hast Thou created all the children of men!
זְכׇר אֲנִי מֶה חָלֶד. מַה זִּקְנָה יֵשׁ לִי? הֲלֹא מְעַט יָמַי, וְדַי לְךָ שֶׁאַתָּה נִפְרָע מִמֶּנִּי בְּמוֹתִי קְצַר יָמִים:
I am mindful what my old age is Heb. חלד. What old age do I have? Are not my days few? It should suffice You to punish me with my premature death.
עַל מַה שָּׁוְא. לְחִנָּם וְלַהֶבֶל בָּרָאתָ כָל בְּנֵי אָדָם:
for what futility Heb. שוא. For nothing and for vanity have You created all the sons of man?
מ"ט
מִ֤י גֶ֣בֶר יִֽ֭חְיֶה וְלֹ֣א יִרְאֶה־מָּ֑וֶת יְמַלֵּ֨ט נַפְשׁ֖וֹ מִיַּד־שְׁא֣וֹל סֶֽלָה׃
49
What man can live and not see death,
can save himself from the clutches of Sheol? Selah.
49
What man is he that liveth and shall not see death, That shall deliver his soul from the power of the grave? Selah
נ׳
אַיֵּ֤ה ׀ חֲסָדֶ֖יךָ הָרִאשֹׁנִ֥ים ׀ אֲדֹנָ֑י נִשְׁבַּ֥עְתָּ לְ֝דָוִ֗ד בֶּאֱמוּנָתֶֽךָ׃
50
O Lord, where is Your steadfast love of old
which You swore to David in Your faithfulness?
50
Where are Thy former mercies, O Lord, Which Thou didst swear unto David in Thy faithfulness?
נ"א
זְכֹ֣ר אֲ֭דֹנָי חֶרְפַּ֣ת עֲבָדֶ֑יךָ שְׂאֵתִ֥י בְ֝חֵיקִ֗י כָּל־רַבִּ֥ים עַמִּֽים׃
51
Remember, O Lord, the abuse flung at Your servants
that I have borne in my bosom [from] many peoples,
51
Remember, Lord, the taunt of Thy servants; How I do bear in my bosom [the taunt of] so many peoples;
שְׂאֵתִי בְחֵיקִי כָּל רַבִּים עַמִּים. בַּגּוֹלָה אֲנִי נוֹשֵׂא סִבְלָם וּמַשָּׂאָם:
which I bear in my bosom, of all great nations In exile I bear their burden and their load.
נ"ב
אֲשֶׁ֤ר חֵרְפ֖וּ אוֹיְבֶ֥יךָ ׀ יְהוָ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר חֵ֝רְפ֗וּ עִקְּב֥וֹת מְשִׁיחֶֽךָ׃
52
how Your enemies, O LORD, have flung abuse,
abuse at Your anointed at every step.
52
Wherewith Thine enemies have taunted, O LORD, Wherewith they have taunted the footsteps of Thine anointed.
עִקְּבוֹת מְשִׁיחֶךָ. סוֹפֵי מֶלֶךְ הַמָּשִׁיחַ, וּלְשׁוֹן מִשְׁנָה הוּא (סוטה ט,טו): בְּעִקְּבוֹת הַמָּשִׁיחַ חוּצְפָּא יִסְגֵּא:
the ends of Your anointed Heb. עקבות, the ends of the King Messiah. This is the language of the Mishnah (Sotah 49b): At the ends of the Messiah, audacity will increase; i.e., at the end of the exile, prior to the advent of the Messiah.
נ"ג
בָּר֖וּךְ יְהוָ֥ה לְ֝עוֹלָ֗ם אָ֘מֵ֥ן ׀ וְאָמֵֽן׃
53
Blessed is the LORD forever;
Amen and Amen.
53
Blessed be the LORD for evermore. Amen, and Amen.
בָּרוּךְ ה׳ לְעוֹלָם. עַל כָּל אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה לָנוּ:
Blessed is the Lord forever For all that He did for us.